Influence of Governor Deadbands on Power Grids with High Renewable Penetration

Bryant, Jack S.; Sokolowski, Peter; Meegahapola, Lasantha

doi:10.1109/sges51519.2020.00127

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…• unexpected dynamic behaviors that are not fully captured by traditional phasor-approximation models. For a comprehensive review of the different challenges faced by low-inertia power systems, we refer the reader to [57], [58], [59], [60], [61], [62], [63], [64], [65], [66] and the references therein.…”

Section: Low-inertia Power Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control Systems for Low-Inertia Power Grids: A Survey on Virtual Power Plants

et al. 2023

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Virtual Power Plants (VPPs) have emerged as a modern real-time energy management architecture that seeks to synergistically coordinate an aggregation of renewable and non-renewable generation systems to overcome some of the fundamental limitations of traditional power grids dominated by synchronous machines. In this survey paper, we review the different existing and emerging feedback control mechanisms and architectures used for the real-time operation of VPPs. In contrast to other works that have mostly focused on the optimal dispatch and economical aspects of VPPs in the hourly and daily time scales, in this paper we focus on the dynamic nature of the system during the faster sub-hourly time scales. The virtual (i.e., software-based) component of a VPP, combined with the power plant (i.e., physics-based) components of the power grid, make VPPs prominent examples of cyber-physical systems, where both continuous-time and discrete-time dynamics play critical roles in the stability and transient properties of the system. We elaborate on this interpretation of VPPs as hybrid dynamical systems, and we further discuss open research problems and potential research directions in feedback control systems that could contribute to the safe development and deployment of autonomous VPPs.INDEX TERMS Smart grids, renewable energy, virtual power plant, feedback control, multi-agent hybrid dynamical systems.

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Section: Low-inertia Power Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control Systems for Low-Inertia Power Grids: A Survey on Virtual Power Plants

et al. 2023

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“…GDBs employed on synchronous generators have a significant impact on the performance of power systems. To examine the impact of GDBs on system frequency regulation under a high share of I-RES, the augmented east Australian power system model presented in [9] is considered as a case study interconnecting four areas, QLD, VIC, NSW, and SA, with attuned (±15 mHz), regular (±50 mHz), and relaxed (±150 mHz) GDB settings. Dynamic simulations are performed for each setting while considering the nature and location of the system's active power imbalance.…”

Section: Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchronous Generator Governor Response: Performance Implications Under High Share of Inverter-Based Renewable Energy Sources

Bryant

Sokolowski

Jennings

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Power Syst.

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Inverter-based generation sources' significant uptake has seen most power system operators place a strong focus on unlocking their capability to respond to frequency excursions. Consequently, the effective utilization of conventional generation assets to improve frequency regulation in power systems has received less focus. This letter highlights two crucial aspects (governor deadbands and governor inactivity) pertinent to conventional generation assets, which must be considered by the system operator when operating power systems with a high share of inverter-based sources. Poor governor control is shown to significantly impact frequency regulation, thus undermining power system operation and performance, in an Australian case study. Furthermore, a high share of governor inactivity causes power system instability owing to degradation in governor response. For power systems with a high share of inverter-based sources, implementation of properly chosen governor deadbands and mandatory governor response is recommended to improve system frequency regulation.

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“…In a practical power system, the LFC will experience communication time delay if the control centres are distant from the generating units and power system generation operators make governor dead band settings to prevent unnecessary wear and tear of governor gate mechanical components. These constraints, commonly considered in various LFC studies [47][48][49][50][51], make the experimental assessment of the controller performance more realistic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Tuning of PID Controllers for LFC in Renewable Energy Source Integrated Power Systems Using an Improved PSO

Sekyere,

Effah,

Okyere

2024

J. Electron. Electric. Eng.

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The constant rise in energy demand and concerns about climate change have led to increased penetration of renewable energy sources (RES). Maintaining active power balance between generation and demand in power systems with significant penetration of these highly variable and intermittent renewable sources requires an efficient load frequency control (LFC) strategy. One such strategy that has gained the attention of researchers is optimal tuning of PID controllers of LFC using metaheuristic method. This paper presents a PSO variant for optimal tuning of PID controllers for load frequency control of power system integrated with renewable energy resources. The proposed PID tuning technique is tested on a two-area power system commonly used in the literature. Seven scenarios have been used to validate the effectiveness of the proposed Load Frequency Control. For more realistic evaluation, governor dead band and communication time delays have been incorporated in the test system in one of the scenarios. Simulation results obtained when compared with those of three well-known PID-tuning metaheuristic algorithms produced shorter settling time and smaller frequency and tie line power deviations.

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Influence of Governor Deadbands on Power Grids with High Renewable Penetration

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

Control Systems for Low-Inertia Power Grids: A Survey on Virtual Power Plants

Control Systems for Low-Inertia Power Grids: A Survey on Virtual Power Plants

Synchronous Generator Governor Response: Performance Implications Under High Share of Inverter-Based Renewable Energy Sources

Optimal Tuning of PID Controllers for LFC in Renewable Energy Source Integrated Power Systems Using an Improved PSO

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