Influence of Ethanol on Pesticide Extraction in Aqueous Solutions by Solid-Phase Microextraction

Urruty, Louise; Montury, Michel

doi:10.1021/jf960039g

Cited by 70 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…These experiments, which were carried out randomly, were developed using Milli-Q water samples containing a 12% v/v of ethanol and spiked with 300 mg/ L of each pesticide. Ethanol was added to take into account the contribution of the presence of ethanol in the real samples (ethanol is assumed to be one of the major constituent of wine which can induce some variations on the affinity coefficient of the pesticides between the stationary phase and the aqueous solutions) [25]. This fact is also of special impor- tance since, generally, when working with liquid samples the addition of organic solvents decreases the extraction of compounds [26,27].…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple pesticide analysis in wine by MEKC combined with solid‐phase microextraction and sample stacking

et al. 2007

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In this work, a new method for the determination in white wines of 12 pesticides widely used in vine cultivars (namely, carbendazim, pirimicarb, metalaxyl, pyrimethanil, procymidone, nuarimol, azoxystrobin, tebufenozide, fenarimol, benalaxyl, penconazole, and tetradifon) using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and MEKC with diode-array detection (DAD) was developed. The MEKC buffer consisted of 100 mM sodium tetraborate and 30 mM SDS at pH 8.5 with 6% v/v 1-propanol. Reversed-electrode polarity stacking mode (REPSM) was applied as on-line preconcentration strategy. In order to carry out an effective and sensitive determination of these pesticides in wine samples, an off-line SPME procedure was optimized by means of an experimental design. After studying the extraction performance of different SPME coatings, PDMS/divinylbenzene (PDMS/DVB) fibers were found the most appropriate for the extraction of most of these pesticides. Carbendazim and metalaxyl could not be extracted from wine samples. Calibration curves for extracted standards and fortified white wines were studied in order to determine the presence of a matrix effect. The combination of both preconcentration procedures (SPME and REPSM) allowed the determination of ten of these pesticides in white wines at concentrations between 0.054 and 0.113 mg/L. (i.e., levels well below the maximum residue limits (MRLs) allowed for these compounds in wine grapes). Ten homemade wines were they analyzed with the optimized method demonstrating the usefulness of the proposed procedure.

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Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple pesticide analysis in wine by MEKC combined with solid‐phase microextraction and sample stacking

et al. 2007

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“…In our case, we observed that the addition of salt did not produce an enhancement of the extraction and as previously reported [36], no direct relation between extraction efficiency and salt content was found. We believe that the ethanol content alters the partition coefficients of the chlorophenolic derivatives between the aqueous phase and the headspace [37]. Since a negative sign appears in the interaction of sodium chloride content with temperature in Table 2, we decided to carry out the extraction at the lowest salt level (0.4 g sodium chloride).…”

Section: Study Of the Sampling Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the matrix effect on the headspace solid‐phase microextraction (HS‐SPME) analysis of chlorophenols in wines

Insa¹,

Besalú²,

Salvadó³

et al. 2007

J of Separation Science

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In this paper, we propose a comparative study to check the matrix effect on the extraction of three chlorophenols, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP), 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol and pentachlorophenol, direct precursors of 2,4,6-trichloroanisole, in synthetic and commercial wines (white and red wines). A rapid, simple and sensitive methodology based on solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and GC with electron capture detection (GC-ECD) and mass spectrometric detection (GC-MS) was developed and the variables affecting the extraction process (temperature, time and salt content) were examined employing a factorial design at two levels. Since GC-ECD does not allow the clear identification of target analytes in white wine, owing to overlapped interferences, GC-MS/MS was used for subsequent examinations. Calibration curves were constructed in synthetic, white and red wine. Significant differences between the slopes of synthetic and red wine, with the exception of TCP, were observed. Analytical parameters were evaluated and satisfactory results were obtained, showing the usefulness of the headspace SPME (HS-SPME) method for determining chlorophenolic compounds in wines.

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“…Solid phase microextraction (SPME) has been also applied to the determination of fungicides [4][5][6]. Although SPME normally provides a higher selectivity than SPE, the matrix of sample reduces significantly its extraction efficiency [7,8]. These limitations are also common to stir-bar sorptive extraction (SBSE), the applicability of which is restricted to low polar fungicides, showing a high affinity for the polydimethylsiloxane sorbent [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction for the Analysis of Six Fungicides in Fruit Samples by GC–ECD

Huo

Lin

et al. 2011

Chromatographia

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A novel approach for the determination of six fungicides (triadimefon, procymidone, hexaconazole, myclobutanil, diniconazole and iprodione) in fruit samples is presented. Analytes were extracted using the dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction technique and determined by GC-ECD. Parameters affecting the dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction performance, such as the kind and volume of extraction and dispersive solvents, extraction time and salt concentration, were studied and optimized. Under the optimum extraction conditions, the linearities of the method were obtained in the range of 0.5-20.0 lg kg -1 for triadimefon, hexaconazole, diniconazole and procymidone, and 1.0-40.0 lg kg -1 for myclobutanil and iprodione, with the correlation coefficients ranging from 0.9902 to 0.9995. The enrichment factors ranged from 685 to 820 and the extraction recoveries ranged from 81.3 to 98.4%. The relative standard deviations varied from 3.1 to 7.8%. The limits of detection of the method were in the range of 0.02-0.12 lg kg -1 . Results showed that the method we proposed can meet the requirements for the determination of target fungicides in fruit samples. Several compounds considered in this study were found in fruit samples.

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Influence of Ethanol on Pesticide Extraction in Aqueous Solutions by Solid-Phase Microextraction

Cited by 70 publications

References 18 publications

Multiple pesticide analysis in wine by MEKC combined with solid‐phase microextraction and sample stacking

Multiple pesticide analysis in wine by MEKC combined with solid‐phase microextraction and sample stacking

Assessment of the matrix effect on the headspace solid‐phase microextraction (HS‐SPME) analysis of chlorophenols in wines

Application of Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction for the Analysis of Six Fungicides in Fruit Samples by GC–ECD

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