Assessment of the matrix effect on the headspace solid‐phase microextraction (HS‐SPME) analysis of chlorophenols in wines

Abstract

In this paper, we propose a comparative study to check the matrix effect on the extraction of three chlorophenols, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP), 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol and pentachlorophenol, direct precursors of 2,4,6-trichloroanisole, in synthetic and commercial wines (white and red wines). A rapid, simple and sensitive methodology based on solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and GC with electron capture detection (GC-ECD) and mass spectrometric detection (GC-MS) was developed and the variables affecting the extraction process (temperature, time and salt content) were examined employing a factorial design at two levels. Since GC-ECD does not allow the clear identification of target analytes in white wine, owing to overlapped interferences, GC-MS/MS was used for subsequent examinations. Calibration curves were constructed in synthetic, white and red wine. Significant differences between the slopes of synthetic and red wine, with the exception of TCP, were observed. Analytical parameters were evaluated and satisfactory results were obtained, showing the usefulness of the headspace SPME (HS-SPME) method for determining chlorophenolic compounds in wines.

Liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization/ion mobility spectrometry of chlorophenols with full flow from large bore LC columns

“…Chlorophenols were selected as analytes of interest to explore LC/ESI/IMS performance owing to their industrial and environmental importance and to the variety of structural shapes from more than a dozen congeners and positional isomers [19][20][21]. This variety in cross section and geometry might be visible in mobility values for the isomers and should illustrate the relative value of a mobility detector after an LC separation.…”

Simultaneous determination of haloanisoles and halophenols in water using in situ acylation combined with solid‐phase microextraction with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry

“…As for the extraction step, several approaches to the quantitative determination of haloanisoles and halophenols have been reported, such as LLE [22,23], SFE [24], SPE [8], SPME [25][26][27][28], stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) [14,29], dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) [17,30,31], ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction (USAEME) [16], and vortex-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction (VALLME) [4]. These methods also played important roles in shortening the operational time (DLLME, USAEME, and, VALLME) or reducing manual operation (SPE, SPME, and SBSE).…”

Ionic-liquid-mediated poly(dimethylsiloxane)- grafted carbon nanotube fiber prepared by the sol-gel technique for the head space solid-phase microextraction of methyl tert -butyl ether using GC

“…In comparison with other sample preparation methods, the SPME approach is relatively simple, fast, cheap, and solvent free . Because of these advantages, SPME applications have dramatically increased within two decades of its introduction . Conventional fiber SPME, however, has some inherent shortcomings such as low chemical and thermal stability that decrease the lifetime of fibers.…”