Influence of different wild-garlic (Allium ursinum) extracts on the gastrointestinal system: spasmolytic, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties

Abstract

Besides other already established health-promoting effects, wild garlic could be useful in treatment of mild gastrointestinal disturbances.

Comprehensive analysis of an uninvestigated wild edible medicinal garlic species from Turkey: Allium macrochaetum Boiss. & Hausskn.

“…In the study Ren et al (), effect of different blenching temperatures and times on the total phenolic and flavonoid content of Allium cepa were investigated and the total phenolic contents of the all extracts were higher than the total flavonoid content. Pavlovic et al () studied total phenolic and flavonoid contents of different extracts (different rates of ethanol, water, and methanol) of wild garlic ( Allium ursinum ) and 24.20–44.00 mg GA/g extract and 7.50–38.60 mg Ru/g extract, respectively.…”

“…The study of Petropoulos et al (), IC 50 values of DPPH radical scavenging activities of various Greek garlic genotypes were 2.00–20.09 mg/ml. Pavlovic et al () studied different extracts (different rates of ethanol, water, and methanol) of wild garlic ( Allium ursinum ) and radical scavenging activities were 0.63–1.40 mg/ml IC 50 values. In the other study Jang et al (), DPPH radical scavenging activity results of water and ethanol extracts of garlic ( Allium sativum ) were 20.86 ± 0.29 and 11.22 ± 0.14, respectively.…”

“…The DPPH scavenging activity was 18.25 ± 0.63% when the concentration of the extract was 12.8 mg/ml. The study ofPetropoulos et al (2018), IC 50 values of DPPH radical scavenging activities of various Greek garlic genotypes were 2.00-20.09 mg/ml Pavlovic et al (2017). studied different extracts (different rates of ethanol, water, and methanol) of wild garlic (Allium ursinum) and radical scavenging activities were , The ethanol extract of A. macrochaetum aerial part; AMAW, The water extract of A. macrochaetum aerial part; AMBE, The ethanol extract of A. macrochaetum bulbs; AMBW, The water extract of A. macrochaetum bulbs; D, peak observed, concentration is lower than the LOQ but higher than the LOD; N.D, not detected.a RT: Retention time.…”

Flavonoids in a crude extract of Catha edulis inhibit rat intestinal contraction via blocking Ca2+ channels

“…Ileal segments isolation and ileal spasmolytic activity estimation were performed according to previously described methods . Rats were fasted overnight, and anesthesia (sodium phenobarbital, 5 mg/100 g) was given intraperitoneally.…”

Characterization of γ‐glutamyltranspeptidases from dormant garlic and onion bulbs

“…Some of the γ‐glutamylpeptides involved are bioactive organoselenium compounds and flavor precursors in allium, for example, glutamyl‐Se‐methylselenocysteine, γ‐glutamyl‐2‐carboxypropylglutathione, and γ‐glutamyl trans‐S‐1‐propenyl cysteine sulfoxide (GGPrCSO), and γ‐L‐glutamyl‐S‐alkyl‐L‐cysteine (Bayan, Koulivand, & Gorji, ; Dong, Lisk, Block, & Ip, ; Shaw, Pither‐Joyce, & McCallum, ), especially in garlic and onion that have anti‐disease properties (Bayan et al., ; Nicastro, Ross, & Milner, ). Furthermore, some bioactive organosulfur compounds in garlic can be formed through the removal of γ‐glutamyl group by GGT, such as S‐allyl‐L‐cysteine (Chen et al., ), which is a major aspect of garlic's biological activities preventing formation of free radicals, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neuronal degeneration diseases (Kim, ; Locatelli, Nazareno, Fusari, & Camargo, ; Pavlovic et al., ; Zaidi et al., ). In addition, GGT can participate in garlic greening and accelerate the formation of green pigment in “Laba” garlic, a traditional Chinese product (Li et al., ).…”