Influence of different organic geo-sorbents on Spinacia oleracea grown in chromite mine-degraded soil: a greenhouse study

Growth and Element Uptake by Salt-Sensitive Crops under Combined NaCl and Cd Stresses

“…Moreover, peats are very effective in metal immobilisation in highly contaminated (mine site) soils. For instance, adding peat to highly Pb-contaminated soil (2 g Pb/kg) reduced Pb leaching (up to >95%), mobility (up to 58%) and toxicity (up to >96%) [61], whereas the addition of peat to mining-contaminated soil (total Cd 2.7 mg/kg) increased soil Cd immobilisation (by 29-44%) and decreased its bioaccumulation in spinach (by 23-58%) in comparison to non-amended soil [5]. In contrast, in our trials, the expected ameliorative effects of OM-rich peat soil at relatively similar level of Cd contamination (total Cd up to 5.0 mg/kg) did not eventuate (Figure 3).…”

“…Increased water scarcity, accompanied by climate change, necessitates the use of marginal (grey) hydro-resources, often loaded with various pollutants [1], especially salts and heavy metals [2,3]. Consequently, important environmental resources, notably quality lands and waters, have become increasingly limiting for food production over recent decades due to excessive salinization [4] and/or metal contamination [5,6]. Globally,~20% of irrigated agroecosystems provide~33% of food supply, but are frequently salt-affected, mostly with excessive Na and Cl ions [3,7].…”

“…Due to the high content of OM (>90%) and huge adsorptive interfaces (cation exchange capacity >90 cmol(+)/kg), organic soils (peats) have recently been confirmed as very effective sorbents for the immobilisation or removal of Cd (as well as Zn, Pb, Ni, Cr and As) from contaminated soils [5,15] or aqueous ecosystems [16,17], thus decreasing metal availability and reducing phyto-accumulation [5]. Consequently, the NaCl and Cd interactions are likely to differ in OM-rich soils, compared with mineral OM-depleted soils, differentially influencing metal biogeochemistry and crop uptake.…”

Potential of organic and inorganic amendments for stabilizing nickel in acidic soil, and improving the nutritional quality of spinach

“…In 2014, China became the world's largest spinach producer and in fact produced 22.1 million tonnes, representing 85% of the global supply (Amber Pariona 2017; Boostani et al 2019). Compared to cereal crops, a leafy vegetable such as spinach exhibits a great potential to accumulate Ni from the soil, resulting in compromised growth, smaller yield, and poorer quality (Younis et al 2015;Nawab et al 2019). Khan et al (2017) noted that larger amounts of essential nutrients and physiological characteristics of plant leaves are necessary to achieve proper spinach growth under conditions of Ni stress, during which amendments may have to be added.…”

“…Meanwhile, the extent of BCF in shoots and roots were recorded in CK. The uptake of Ni in shoots is possible due to there being more Ni in the roots Nawab et al (2019). andSalam et al (2019) investigated the distribution ratio of metals' concentrations in the total amount of metals in leafy vegetable (spinach) and Chinese cabbage in root.…”