Influence of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation on the East Asian winter monsoon

Sun, Youbin; Clemens, Steven C.; Morrill, C.; Lin, Xiaopei; Wang, Xulong; An, Zhisheng

doi:10.1038/ngeo1326

Cited by 448 publications

(417 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Given this sensitivity, we suggest that the growth of the Laurentide Ice Sheet during late MIS3 and MIS2 could have triggered a threshold response of the Pacific ITCZ, causing the abrupt changes we observe in Lake Towuti's hydrology. Northwesterly flow from the east Asian winter monsoon, which is also sensitive to remote forcing from the northern ice sheets, strengthened during late MIS3 and the LGM (39), and could also contribute to a southward shift in the locus of precipitation in the region, suppressing rainfall during Sulawesi's rainy season. Although much of northern Australia was dry during the LGM (8), speleothem records from Flores do suggest a southward shift of the ITCZ during the LGM (40), as does a wet MIS2 climate observed at Papua New Guinea (41).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glacial forcing of central Indonesian hydroclimate since 60,000 y B.P.

Russell

Vogel

Konecky

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

136

188

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The Indo-Pacific warm pool houses the largest zone of deep atmospheric convection on Earth and plays a critical role in global climate variations. Despite the region's importance, changes in Indo-Pacific hydroclimate on orbital timescales remain poorly constrained. Here we present high-resolution geochemical records of surface runoff and vegetation from sediment cores from Lake Towuti, on the island of Sulawesi in central Indonesia, that continuously span the past 60,000 y. We show that wet conditions and rainforest ecosystems on Sulawesi present during marine isotope stage 3 (MIS3) and the Holocene were interrupted by severe drying between ∼33,000 and 16,000 y B.P. when Northern Hemisphere ice sheets expanded and global temperatures cooled. Our record reveals little direct influence of precessional orbital forcing on regional climate, and the similarity between MIS3 and Holocene climates observed in Lake Towuti suggests that exposure of the Sunda Shelf has a weaker influence on regional hydroclimate and terrestrial ecosystems than suggested previously. We infer that hydrological variability in this part of Indonesia varies strongly in response to high-latitude climate forcing, likely through reorganizations of the monsoons and the position of the intertropical convergence zone. These findings suggest an important role for the tropical western Pacific in amplifying glacial-interglacial climate variability.tropical Pacific | paleoclimate | geochemistry | paleoecology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glacial forcing of central Indonesian hydroclimate since 60,000 y B.P.

Russell

Vogel

Konecky

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

136

188

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“…However, the grain-size record of Chinese loess deposits also indicates that the EAWM winds gradually weakened from the early Holocene to the mid-Holocene, and then gradually strengthened in the late Holocene (Fig. 7g, Sun et al, 2012), a similar pattern to that recorded by geochemical parameters from Gonghe Basin in the northeastern QTP (Liu et al, 2013). The discrepancies may be due to the fact that the grain-size of loess and dune mobility were also influenced by the advance www.clim-past.net/12/415/2016/or retreat of deserts in northern China (Mason et al, 2008;Yang and Ding, 2008).…”

Section: Relationship Between the Wuxu Lake Paleovegetation Record Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6j, Kramer et al, 2010). In addition, reconstructed total solar irradiance based on cosmogenic radionuclides indicates significantly weakened solar activity (Berger and Loutre, 1991); (c) winter wind strength record from Huguangyan Lake ; (d) record of the Pacific Ocean thermal gradient between the surface and the thermocline from core MD05-2904 ; (e) record of the Pacific Ocean thermal gradient between the surface and the thermocline from core MD01-2390 (Steinke et al, 2010); (f) west-east SST gradient of the South China Sea (Huang et al, 2011); (g) grainsize record from the Jingyuan loess section (Sun et al, 2012); (h) ENSO amplitude based on a transient coupled general circulation model simulation in 300-year windows (Liu et al, 2014). between 8 and 7 ka BP (Steinhilber et al, 2012).…”

Section: Structure Of the Holocene Climatic Optimummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The core was sub-sampled at 1 cm contiguous intervals and stored at 4 • C prior to analysis. The chronology is based on accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14 C dates from terrestrial plant macrofossils ex- (Shakun et al, 2007); 2, Qunf Cave (Fleitmann et al, 2003); 3, Hoti Cave ; 4, Lonar Lake (Prasad et al, 2014;Sarkar et al, 2015); 5, Core SO188-342KL (Contreras-Rosales et al, 2014); 6, Tso Kar (Demske et al, 2009); 7, Tianmen Cave 8, Paru Co (Bird et al, 2014); 9, Gonghe Basin (Liu et al, 2013); 10, Gulang profile (Sun et al, 2012); 11, Jingyuan profile (Sun et al, 2012); 12, Naleng Lake (Kramer et al, 2010); 13, Tiancai Lake (Xiao et al, 2014b); 14, Xingyun Lake (Chen et al, 2014); 15, Huguangyan Lake (Jia et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2012); 16, Core MD05-2904 ; 17, Core MD01-2390 (Steinke et al, 2010). (b) Expanded view of the study area.…”

Section: Sediment Sampling and Datingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, recent studies, based on diatom assemblages and stable nitrogen isotope (δ 15 N) analyses of sediments from the same lake, indicate a stronger EAWM in the early Holocene (Jia et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2012). Other proxies for reconstructing Holocene EAWM variability include the grain size distribution of loess deposits and thermocline gradients from the South China Sea, although they are of low temporal resolution (Huang et al, 2011;Steinke et al, 2010Steinke et al, , 2011Stevens et al, 2007;Sun et al, 2012;Tian et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Holocene Asian monsoon evolution revealed by a pollen record from an alpine lake on the southeastern margin of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, China

et al. 2016

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Abstract. We present the results of pollen analyses from a 1105 cm long sediment core from Wuxu Lake in southwestern China, which depict the variations of the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) and the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) during the last 12.3 ka. During the period of 12.3 to 11.3 cal ka BP, the dominance of Betula forest and open alpine shrub and meadow around Wuxu Lake indicates a climate with relatively cold winters and dry summers, corresponding to the Younger Dryas event. Between 11.3 and 10.4 cal ka BP, further expansion of Betula forest and the retreat of alpine shrubs and meadows reflect a greater seasonality with cold winters and gradually increasing summer precipitation. From 10.4 to 4.9 cal ka BP, the dense forest understory, together with the gradual decrease in Betula forest and increase in Tsuga forest, suggest that the winters became warmer and summer precipitation was at a maximum, corresponding to the Holocene climatic optimum. Between 4.9 and 2.6 cal ka BP, Tsuga forest and alpine shrubs and meadows expanded significantly, reflecting relatively warm winters and decreased summer precipitation. Since 2.6 cal ka BP, reforestation around Wuxu Lake indicates a renewed humid period in the late Holocene; however, the vegetation in the catchment may also have been affected by grazing activity during this period. The results of our study are generally consistent with previous findings; however, the timing and duration of the Holocene climatic optimum from different records are inconsistent, reflecting real contrast in local rainfall response to the ISM. Overall, the EAWM is broadly inphase with the ISM on the orbital timescale, and both monsoons exhibit a trend of decreasing strength from the early to late Holocene, reflecting the interplay of solar insolation receipt between the winter and summer seasons and El Niño-Southern Oscillation strength in the tropical Pacific.

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Timing and lock‐in effect of the Laschamp geomagnetic excursion in Chinese Loess

Sun

Qiang

Liu

et al. 2013

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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[1] The Laschamp geomagnetic excursion (LGE, at 41 ka) is a critical age control for hemispherical comparison of paleoclimate records from various kinds of geological archives (e.g., ice core, marine, and lake sediments). The timing of the LGE in Chinese Loess, however, remains poorly constrained due to the lack of a reliable chronology and the complex acquisition processes of natural remanent magnetization. Here, we systematically compare the paleomagnetic results of three optically stimulated luminescence dated loess sequences on the Chinese Loess Plateau. Our results indicate that the timing of the LGE in the northwestern Loess Plateau is slightly older than the absolute radiometric age determination and the timing inferred from Greenland ice core ( 10 Be flux) and marine (i.e., relative paleointensity and authogenic 10 Be/ 9 Be stack) records, but younger than the counterparts in the central Loess Plateau. We attribute the different timing of the LGE in the three loess sections to a progressive southeastward increase in the lock-in depth caused by the combined effects of postdepositional processes (e.g., surface mixing, chemical weathering, and lock-in delay) on the remanence acquisition process. We conclude that caution is needed to use the LGE in Chinese Loess as a reliable tie-event for highresolution chronological correlation to marine and ice core records, only if the potential lock-in effect can be precisely determined.

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Influence of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation on the East Asian winter monsoon

Cited by 448 publications

References 27 publications

Glacial forcing of central Indonesian hydroclimate since 60,000 y B.P.

Glacial forcing of central Indonesian hydroclimate since 60,000 y B.P.

Holocene Asian monsoon evolution revealed by a pollen record from an alpine lake on the southeastern margin of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, China

Timing and lock‐in effect of the Laschamp geomagnetic excursion in Chinese Loess

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