“…The increase in NMID FA levels in the Augusta mussels over time, coupled with the decrease observed for PUFA, especially for DHA, was consistent with another compensatory mechanism reported in mussels (Fokina et al, 2013;Zhukova et al, 1992) and other invertebrates (Gladyshev et al, 2012) to lower susceptibility to lipid peroxidation. Unlike the other PUFAs, NMID FAs can be synthesised de novo by mussels and used to replace the more sensitive PUFAs, such as EPA and DHA, because of an unusual structural property (i.e.…”
Section: Influence Of Chemical Bioaccumulation On Condition Index Andsupporting
confidence: 86%
“…To our knowledge, the relationship between the accumulation of chemicals and the biological response using only lipid and FA biomarkers has seldom been used in polluted areas (Gladyshev et al, 2012;Labarta et al, 2005;Perrat et al, 2013;Peteiro et al, 2007) or in mesocosm experiments (Capuzzo and Leavitt, 1988;Fokina et al, 2013). Nevertheless, these studies have shown that this approach gives rapid and significant insights in the assessment of the biochemical and physiological status of marine organisms exposed to contamination.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 94%
“…peroxidation of membrane lipids), which in turn triggers a biochemical stress response (e.g. Fokina et al, 2013;Gladyshev et al, 2012;Hannam et al, 2010;Rocchetta et al, 2014). In particular, changes in lipid and FA composition in stressed organisms may indicate changes in the structure and fluidity of cell lipid bilayer, confirming the occurrence of pathological or compensatory alterations in lipid metabolism caused by contaminant exposure (Fokina et al, 2013).…”
Section: Influence Of Chemical Bioaccumulation On Condition Index Andmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…They are more often coupled with histopathological and enzymatic proxies. Nevertheless, rapid and significant insights have been obtained using only the lipid and FA approach (Capuzzo and Leavitt, 1988;Fokina et al, 2013;Gladyshev et al, 2012;Labarta et al, 2005;Perrat et al, 2013;Peteiro et al, 2007).…”
“…The increase in NMID FA levels in the Augusta mussels over time, coupled with the decrease observed for PUFA, especially for DHA, was consistent with another compensatory mechanism reported in mussels (Fokina et al, 2013;Zhukova et al, 1992) and other invertebrates (Gladyshev et al, 2012) to lower susceptibility to lipid peroxidation. Unlike the other PUFAs, NMID FAs can be synthesised de novo by mussels and used to replace the more sensitive PUFAs, such as EPA and DHA, because of an unusual structural property (i.e.…”
Section: Influence Of Chemical Bioaccumulation On Condition Index Andsupporting
confidence: 86%
“…To our knowledge, the relationship between the accumulation of chemicals and the biological response using only lipid and FA biomarkers has seldom been used in polluted areas (Gladyshev et al, 2012;Labarta et al, 2005;Perrat et al, 2013;Peteiro et al, 2007) or in mesocosm experiments (Capuzzo and Leavitt, 1988;Fokina et al, 2013). Nevertheless, these studies have shown that this approach gives rapid and significant insights in the assessment of the biochemical and physiological status of marine organisms exposed to contamination.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 94%
“…peroxidation of membrane lipids), which in turn triggers a biochemical stress response (e.g. Fokina et al, 2013;Gladyshev et al, 2012;Hannam et al, 2010;Rocchetta et al, 2014). In particular, changes in lipid and FA composition in stressed organisms may indicate changes in the structure and fluidity of cell lipid bilayer, confirming the occurrence of pathological or compensatory alterations in lipid metabolism caused by contaminant exposure (Fokina et al, 2013).…”
Section: Influence Of Chemical Bioaccumulation On Condition Index Andmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…They are more often coupled with histopathological and enzymatic proxies. Nevertheless, rapid and significant insights have been obtained using only the lipid and FA approach (Capuzzo and Leavitt, 1988;Fokina et al, 2013;Gladyshev et al, 2012;Labarta et al, 2005;Perrat et al, 2013;Peteiro et al, 2007).…”
“…There was also a substantial decrease in phospholipids, apparently in connection with membrane destruction [84][85][86]. Some papers have reported the modiications in lipid and faty acid composition of hydrobionts, including marine mussels, in response to organic and inorganic pollutants' efect [34,37,[87][88][89][90][91][92][93]. Since the lipid metabolism plays an important role in living organism, it is believed that the lipid and faty acid proile may be used to indicate the organism's health under stress conditions of pollutant efect.…”
Studying biochemical indicators in response to various environmental factors allows revealing the metabolic adaptive strategy of the organism's tolerance and survival under a variety of environmental impacts. This review analyses both the authors' own data and the available literature on the problem of biochemical adaptations of the lipid composition in marine bivalves, particularly blue mussels, Mytilus edulis L., to various environmental impacts. Modiications in the composition of lipids and their faty acids in blue mussels caused by short-term (under laboratory conditions) and chronic (ield monitoring) exposure to natural and human factors indicate that homeostasis is maintained in cell membranes and the organism's energy requirements and facilitate the adaptation and tolerance of the mussels to environmental disturbances. The lipid and faty acid composition indices in White Sea intertidal mussels which relect their chronic exposure to a wide variety of environmental factors are discussed and compared to data on changes in the lipid composition of blue mussels exposed to some environmental factors (salinity, anoxia, metals) in aquarium experiments. The lipid proile plays an important role in the adaptation of blue mussels to new conditions in the habitat, and it can be used as a biochemical marker for indicating the organism's physiological state.
The toxicity, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity of bulk sediments from the Yenisei River (Siberia, Russia) were estimated in laboratory bioassays based on several endpoints in the aquatic plant Elodea canadensis. The bottom sediment samples were collected in the Yenisei River upstream and downstream of the sources of chemical and radioactive contamination. The testing revealed different sensitivities of Elodea endpoints to the quality of the bottom sediment: weight of shoots < length of shoots < mitotic index < length of roots < percentage of abnormal cells. The response of the genotoxicity endpoint (percentage of cells with chromosome abnormalities in roots of Elodea) was the highest in sediments with chemical pollution, whereas the highest inhibition of toxicity endpoints (shoot and root length) occurred in sediments with the highest level of radioactive pollution. The extreme response of Elodea endpoints to the quality of certain sediment samples may be regarded as related to the possible presence of unknown toxicants. The results show that E. canadensis can be used as an indicator species in laboratory contact testing of bottom sediment. The responses of shoot and root length growth endpoints of Elodea can be recommended as basic sensitivity indicators of bottom sediment toxicity. Analysis of cells carrying abnormal chromosomes in the apical root meristem of Elodea can be performed optionally in the same test to assess the genotoxicity of sediments.
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