Lipid and fatty acid biomarkers as proxies for environmental contamination in caged mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis

Signa, Geraldina; Leonardo, Rossella Di; Vaccaro, Antonino; Tramati, Cecilia Doriana; Mazzola, Antonio; Vizzini, Salvatrice

doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.05.002

Cited by 70 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…These physiological changes lead to changes in the lipid and FA metabolism, while the EPA level is reduced due to exposure to metals and organic pollutants [150,151]. A stress response, manifested as a decrease in PUFA and NMI FA content, was observed in the mussel M. galloprovinciales exposed to cadmium and copper [149], as well as to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contamination [152]. A lower value of EPA compared to the control was recorded from the bivalves Cerastoderma edule and Scrobicularia plana exposed to copper sulphate [153], Mizuhopecten yessoensis exposed to cadmium [150] and Scrobicularia plana from a habitat contaminated by dioxin and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [154], which can be considered a possible biochemical and physiological consequence for these animals.…”

Section: Variations In Fatty Acids In Response To Environmental Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty Acids of Marine Mollusks: Impact of Diet, Bacterial Symbiosis and Biosynthetic Potential

Zhukova

2019

Biomolecules

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The n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) families are essential for important physiological processes. Their major source are marine ecosystems. The fatty acids (FAs) from phytoplankton, which are the primary producer of organic matter and PUFAs, are transferred into consumers via food webs. Mollusk FAs have attracted the attention of researchers that has been driven by their critical roles in aquatic ecology and their importance as sources of essential PUFAs. The main objective of this review is to focus on the most important factors and causes determining the biodiversity of the mollusk FAs, with an emphasis on the key relationship of these FAs with the food spectrum and trophic preference. The marker FAs of trophic sources are also of particular interest. The discovery of new symbioses involving invertebrates and bacteria, which are responsible for nutrition of the host, deserves special attention. The present paper also highlights recent research into the molecular and biochemical mechanisms of PUFA biosynthesis in marine mollusks. The biosynthetic capacities of marine mollusks require a well-grounded evaluation.Biomolecules 2019, 9, 857 2 of 25 consumers and food consumed, and, therefore, FA can be used as efficient and useful biomarkers for the study of trophic interactions between organisms in aquatic ecosystems [5,6].However, information about the endogenous mechanisms of marine invertebrates responsible for synthesis of n-3 and n-6 PUFAs is still being accumulated. Recent researches have shown the potential of some marine mollusks for endogenous synthesis of long chain PUFAs (LC-PUFAs) [7][8][9]. Based on the transcriptome and genome sequences, as well as various publicly available databases, a number of novel fatty acyl desaturases (Fad) and elongations of very long-chain fatty acid (Elovl) genes have been identified from the major orders of the phylum Mollusca, suggesting that many mollusks possess most of the required enzymes for the synthesis of long chain LC-PUFAs [10]. The question whether these findings of the desaturase sequences in invertebrate species really cast doubt on the idea that the organic matter is transferred along the food chains, and thus the existence of trophic links between primary producers and consumers and the relationship of the FA composition of animals and the FA composition of food, are currently under discussion [8].Mollusk FA have attracted the attention of researchers that has been driven by their critical roles in aquatic ecology and in trophic food webs, as well as by their importance as sources of essential FAs with important impacts on human health [11]. Among marine animals, mollusks are especially important as a source of PUFAs (after fish). Many members of the phylum Mollusca, commonly known as clams and snails, are traditional seafood items in human diets, and rich in essential PUFAs. The edible mollusks are commercially harvested and cultured [12]. Marine bivalve mollusks are highly appreciated, partly because of their positive effects on human health ...

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Section: Variations In Fatty Acids In Response To Environmental Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty Acids of Marine Mollusks: Impact of Diet, Bacterial Symbiosis and Biosynthetic Potential

Zhukova

2019

Biomolecules

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“…Many more papers explored fatty acids in mussels of the common species M. galloprovincialis . Previous papers have dealt with changes in fatty acid profiles depending upon season, processing, availability of food, environmental conditions, animals’ tissues . In this study, a method based on the use of comprehensive gas chromatography (GC × GC) was developed for the achievement of bidimensional fingerprints of fatty acids extracted from edible fish and shellfish.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidimensional gas chromatographic techniques applied to the analysis of lipids from wild‐caught and farmed marine species

Costa

Albergamo

Piparo

et al. 2016

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was exploited for the obtainment of fatty acid fingerprints in fish and molluscs from South Italy. Scope of the lipidomic investigation was to highlight differences in the fatty acid profiles of samples from aquaculture and from the wild. The fish species under investigation were Sparus aurata and Dicentrarchus labrax, typically cultivated in Italy and commonly found in the fish market. Another aim was to find a correlation between the diet fed to fish and the expression of specific fatty acids in muscle composition. Beyond fish, two species of bivalves were analyzed to assess their lipidomic composition: Mytilus galloprovincialis (mussels) and Venerupis aurea var. laeta (clams). Both species originated from two salt lakes in South Italy. GC Â GC-MS analysis showed that omega-3 fatty acids were naturally more concentrated in wild fish, whereas their presence in cultivated fish was lower and in favor of omega-6 and oleic acids, as an evident consequence of food supplementation. Bivalves reported a consistent amount of PUFA, although presenting some differences in the quality of fatty acids. As an additional parameter of investigation, the content of mercury was determined in all the samples by means of a Direct Mercury Analyzer, based on Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. Wild fish reported a level of mercury that was ten times higher than in aquafarmed fish, and the maximum amount tolerated by the EC regulation. On the contrary, the level of mercury in molluscs was in general very low, particularly when compared with samples from other Italian sites of collection.Practical applications: One of the possible applications of the GC Â GC methodology here presented could be the detection of a common food fraud. In the Mediterranean Sea, gilthead sea bream and sea bass are today rarely found in sea open waters. Basically, fish sold in the market comes from cultivation. Due to the fact that wild fish is more appreciated by the consumer, quite often fish sellers are encouraged to lie about the real origin of fish. The bidimensional plots shown in this study represent an extraordinary tool for differentiating the two types of fish. Also, this study provides substantial support to aquafarmers, who can draw useful advice on how to tune optimal diets to be fed to fish. In fact, it was demonstrated that fish feed highly affects fatty acid composition.

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“…In the present result, Eicosatrienoic acid (C 20:3ω3) and Eicosapentaenoic acid (C 20:5ω3) were not detected, while Arachidonic acid (C20:4 ω6) was significantly decreased in treated B. plicatilis with CdCl2. Filimonova et al 2016, andSigna et al 2015 have reported that the Eicosapentaenoic acid level is diminished with the increasing contamination content. Fokina et.al (2013) reported that EPA and ARA are associated with adaptation improvement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Copper and Cadmium on the Nutritional Value of the Rotifer Brachionus plicatilis and their Effect on Dicentrarchus labrax Fish Larvae.

El‐Sayed¹,

El‐Khodary²

2019

Egypt. J. of Aquatic Biolo. and Fish.

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2 and CuSO 4, while the Eicosatrienoic acid (C 20:3ω3) and the Eicosapentaenoic acid (C 20:5ω3) were not detected. The Arachidonic acid (C20:4 ω6) decreased significantly in treated B. plicatilis with CdCl 2. The present work concluded that, D. labrax larvae feeds on B. plicatilis exposed to sublethal concentration of Cd and Cu heavy metals showed marked effect on the survival rate and biochemical composition.

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Lipid and fatty acid biomarkers as proxies for environmental contamination in caged mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis

Cited by 70 publications

References 40 publications

Fatty Acids of Marine Mollusks: Impact of Diet, Bacterial Symbiosis and Biosynthetic Potential

Fatty Acids of Marine Mollusks: Impact of Diet, Bacterial Symbiosis and Biosynthetic Potential

Multidimensional gas chromatographic techniques applied to the analysis of lipids from wild‐caught and farmed marine species

Impact of Copper and Cadmium on the Nutritional Value of the Rotifer Brachionus plicatilis and their Effect on Dicentrarchus labrax Fish Larvae.

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