Influence of A-site cations on the open-circuit voltage of efficient perovskite solar cells: a case of rubidium and guanidinium additives

Abstract

The effect of rubidium and guanidinium additives on the morphological, optoelectronic and photovoltaic properties of the state-of-the-art triple A-cation based PSCs is investigated.

Elucidation of the role of guanidinium incorporation in single-crystalline MAPbI3 perovskite on ion migration and activation energy

“…In our previous reports on GUA x MA 1Àx PbI 3 PSCs, we observed a complex impedance peak between 10 5 and 10 6 Hz and the corresponding time constant depicts the recombination kinetics in the cell, which is significantly suppressed upon GUA incorporation. 43,48 However, such high-frequency response is not observed in the present study. In turn, we observed that with incorporation of a small amount of the GUA cation in the MAPbI 3 crystal structure, the rate of change in the apparent time constant is significantly suppressed with a change in temperature.…”

Charge Accumulation, Recombination, and Their Associated Time Scale in Efficient (GUA)x(MA)1–xPbI3-Based Perovskite Solar Cells

“…This result indicates that the GUA-based perovskite has a smoother contact than the reference sample with the HTL, suggesting better charge transfer at this interface with possibly lower recombination. 37,38…”

An Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cell with Suppressed Defects by Employing Dithizone as a Lead Indicator

“…[16] Besides, applying additives can also reduce the defects by regulating the crystallization kinetics process or passivate the defects effectively. [17][18][19] And the common additives are the polymers or small organic molecules with hybrid atoms, such as sulfur (S), oxygen (O), or nitrogen (N) atoms. [17][18][19] The lone pair electrons of hybrid atoms make it possible to chelate with Pb atoms to produce intermediate complex, which is conducive to reduce the defects by regulating the crystallization rate.…”

“…[17][18][19] And the common additives are the polymers or small organic molecules with hybrid atoms, such as sulfur (S), oxygen (O), or nitrogen (N) atoms. [17][18][19] The lone pair electrons of hybrid atoms make it possible to chelate with Pb atoms to produce intermediate complex, which is conducive to reduce the defects by regulating the crystallization rate. Therefore, the introduction of additives can reduce the recombination and enhance the comprehensive device performances further.…”