Influence de l’occupation des terres sur la dynamique des communautés végétales en zone Sahélienne : cas de la commune rurale de Dantchandou (Niger)

Abstract

The commune of Dantchandou is one of the main sources of wood supply in western Niger, causing a disorganization of the structure and composition of the landscape. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of cultivation, pasture, fallow land and the influence of the villages on the dynamics of the plant communities of the commune of Dantchandou. The data were collected in the different land use and land cover units (flat, slope, depression and foot of the plateaus). Plots of 50 m x 20 m were set in each sampling site taking into account the homogeneity of the vegetation in order to avoidedge effect. Thus, for the characterization of the vegetation, three transects were retained. A total of 76 surveys were conducted. Our results show an inventory of 151 plant species including 125 herbaceous species and 26 woody species distributed among 101 genera and 28 families. In fields and fallows 106 species were recorded which belong to 81 genera and 23 families. In the fallows the floristic composition is of 58 species from 47 genera and 17 families. On the plateaus 111 species belong to 24 families were recorded. The Shannon diversity index is higher in fallows with 5.16 bits followed by fields with 5.08 bits and finally on plateaus with 5.05 bits. This landscape diversity is linked to the different types of land use, shorter fallow periods, expansion of agrosystems, overgrazing resulting in the substitution of indigenous species by invasive species.

Structure des peuplements et potentiel de domestication de <i>Parkia biglobosa</i> dans la région de Tandjilé-Ouest (Tchad)

“…Les défis de la science et des politiques sont de rechercher des stratégies d'aménagement durable et de conservation des écosystèmes forestiers, tout en tenant compte des besoins humains. Dans les zones soudano-sahéliennes, les arbres et arbustes jouent un rôle capital dans la conservation ou la reconstitution de l'équilibre écologique face à l'extension du désert (Maazou et al, 2017). Outre ce rôle primordial, les arbres constituent la principale source des biens et services indispensables aux populations (Eba'a et al, 2013).…”

Dynamique des peuplements des Parcelles d’Essais Sylvicoles (PES) de la forêt classée de la Sota au Nord-Est du Bénin

“…Ce qui correspond aux résultats relatifs à la moyenne de 745,2 individus/ha retrouvé par Maazou et al (2017) au sein des mêmes types de formations dans la commune rurale de Dantchandou au Niger. Par ailleurs, la densité connaît une baisse considérable de 84 pieds/ha à la fin du projet (2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014) dans la parcelle T 3 .…”

Influence of Different Environments on Germination Parameters and Seedling Morphology in &lt;i&gt;Khaya senegalensis&lt;/i&gt; (Desr.) A. Juss (Meliaceae)

“…Approximately 55% of plant species, of which 10% have disappeared in the wild [16] [17] [18]. Thus, species whose economic and socio-cultural activity plays a key role in meeting human health needs are the most threatened [14] [19] [20] [21]. In West Africa, access, exploitation and sustainable management of plant resources are a major issue for rural populations [22].…”