La connaissance des données écologiques et structurales d'une forêt est essentielle pour sa gestion durable. Dans le souci de contribuer au maintien de l'équilibre écologique des écosystèmes de la forêt classée de la Lama et ses écosystèmes adjacents, un inventaire phytosociologique a été réalisé suivant l'approche sigmatiste de Braun-Blanquet. La méthode a permis d'identifier cinq groupements végétaux qui ont fait l'objet d'analyse. L'analyse des données écologiques a montré que du point de vue de la richesse spécifique, le groupement végétal à Lonchocarpus sericeus et Culcasia scandens des jachères pré-forestières et forêts denses sèches semi-décidues est plus pauvre que les quatre autres groupements végétaux. Mais, l'analyse des spectres bruts et pondérés a révélé la prédominance des espèces à large distribution au sein de tous les groupements végétaux identifiés. Par ailleurs, la structure en diamètre des essences forestières est dominée par Lonchocarpus sericeus, Dialium guineense et Anogeissus leiocarpa (10≤dbh≤30 cm). Concernant la structure en hauteur, les individus les plus représentés sont ceux de Lonchocarpus sericeus, Ceiba pentendra, Anogeissus leiocarpa et Diospyros mespiliformis (entre 15 et 20 mètres). Toute politique de gestion durable de l'ensemble de la Lama doit intégrer les relations interspécifiques et intraspécifiques entre le domaine classé et les terroirs riverains.
There is an increasing need for monitoring schemes that help understand the evolution of the global biodiversity crisis and propose solutions for the future. Indicators, including temporal baselines, are crucial to measure the change in biodiversity over time, to evaluate progress towards its conservation and sustainable use and to set conservation priorities. They help design and monitor national and regional policies on biodiversity; they also feed into national reporting on international agreements such as the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Sustainable Development Goals. We analyse the methodological approach of five small African projects resulting from a call to promote indicator development, improve monitoring capacity and strengthen the science-policy interface in the field of biodiversity. We compared their approach to existing guidance provided by the international community, specifically the Biodiversity Indicators Partnership. To this end, we assess whether internationally recommended steps are effectively applied to national/local biodiversity monitoring in selected developing countries. We also present lessons learnt from workshop interactions between partners involved in these projects. Through our pilot projects we identified data availability and data accessibility, together with the involvement of stakeholders, as critical steps in indicator development. Moreover, there is a need for a better awareness and a wider application of the indicator concept itself. Hence, training of key actors both in the policy and science spheres is needed to operationalize indicators and ensure their continuity and sustainability. We hope that these case studies and lessons OPEN ACCESS RECEIVED
Objective: The present study related to the impact of the riparian land management methods implemented in the Pendjari Park aims to highlight the various consequences of these implemented methods or technics on this Park ecosystem conservation. Methodology and Results : To achieve this, a survey was carried out in nine (9) villages bordering the park on the two Tanguiéta-batia and Tanguiéta porga axes laminated around the park and concerned 130 producers. They focused on the observed cropping systems and their impact on ecosystem conservation. Data processing was done on the basis of a raw matrix of data from 9 surveys. As a first step, the raw matrix was subjected to an AFC (Analysis Factors Components), a Hierarchical Classification, a tests of variance such as the nonparametric test of kruskal wallice and the tests of independence of khi 2 (χ2) in order to highlight the typology of the producers and the different relations among them. It shows that riparian populations greatly influence the sustainable conservation of the reserve through practices such as: the high rate of mineral fertilization, short fallow periods, extensive agriculture and illegal exploitation of Park resources. The main threats to the conservation of park resources identified are the physical degradation of soils due to the use of heavy machinery (tractor) causing soil compaction and a decrease in their porosity. Also chemical soil degradation due to the increasing overdose use of mineral (chemical) fertilizers causing acidification and soil asphyxiation. It is also apparent from the socioeconomic analysis that the most threatening categories of producers for the conservation of biodiversity in this reserve are, on the one hand, the producers of the Tanguiéta-porga (1st halo) axis who have largely adopted Cotton cultivation and mechanization that induces the use of tractors that have a negative impact on soils. In addition, they threaten biodiversity by converting large forest ecosystem to agricultural land. Conclusion and application of the results : The main threats to ecosystems around the Pendjari Park are the physical and chemical degradation that is mainly due to the widespread adoption of cotton cultivation which induces the use of heavy machinery and chemicals. Thus, the consideration of these threats by the park management office (CENAGREF) and the adoption of more organic agriculture could improve the conservation of this forest ecosystem. For deeper understanding of impacts, a water quality study of Pendjari river and related ponds of the park should be considered to assess the state of the ecosystem as a result of anthropogenic activities, a guarantee of wildlife conservation.
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