The commune of Dantchandou is one of the main sources of wood supply in western Niger, causing a disorganization of the structure and composition of the landscape. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of cultivation, pasture, fallow land and the influence of the villages on the dynamics of the plant communities of the commune of Dantchandou. The data were collected in the different land use and land cover units (flat, slope, depression and foot of the plateaus). Plots of 50 m x 20 m were set in each sampling site taking into account the homogeneity of the vegetation in order to avoidedge effect. Thus, for the characterization of the vegetation, three transects were retained. A total of 76 surveys were conducted. Our results show an inventory of 151 plant species including 125 herbaceous species and 26 woody species distributed among 101 genera and 28 families. In fields and fallows 106 species were recorded which belong to 81 genera and 23 families. In the fallows the floristic composition is of 58 species from 47 genera and 17 families. On the plateaus 111 species belong to 24 families were recorded. The Shannon diversity index is higher in fallows with 5.16 bits followed by fields with 5.08 bits and finally on plateaus with 5.05 bits. This landscape diversity is linked to the different types of land use, shorter fallow periods, expansion of agrosystems, overgrazing resulting in the substitution of indigenous species by invasive species.
Objective: The importance of disturbance (duration or intensity) seems decisive in determining the state of vegetation and successional dynamics. The purpose of this study is to study and examine variations in the floristic richness, diversity and production of protected fallow land in Banizoumbou. Methodology and Results: The phyto-sociological surveys were carried out according to the sigmatist method of Braun-Blanquet (1932). Sampling was carried out on the basis of land use types, so fallows and fields were Rabiou et al., J. Appl. Biosci. 2017 Succession des communautés végétales des jachères protégées en zone sahélienne : cas de Banizoumbou (Niger) 10945 inventoried following 6 transect, 1000 square meter equidistant plots of 500 m were set. A total of 33 surveys were carried out, including 18 in the fallows and 15 in the fields. Our findings show that diversity depends on the successional stage even within the same type of land use. Analysis of the indices shows that in addition to fallow land, fields are also important sources of biodiversity. Thus, Shannon's diversity index increases according to the fallow and field age, but this increase is much higher in the fallows in than the fields. The results reveal also that average density of the study area is 260 individuals per hectare, of which Guiera senegalensis represents more than 70%. The mean height, mean diameter, average density and highest average cover were observed at fallow land. Conclusion and Application of results:The present study showed that variation in plant diversity is a function of age at both field and fallow land. Thus diversity evolves more rapidly at fallow land.
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