Industrial aspects of production and use of activated carbons

Wigmans, Teus

doi:10.1016/0008-6223(89)90152-8

Cited by 334 publications

(181 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Even though the pressure plays an important effect on σ, it is not the only factor that determines its value. The morphology of the particles has also a great effect on the electrical conductivity [34,35]. In case of AWNP 600, the particles are irregular in shape and larger in comparison with the spherical particles of AWNP 700 and AWNP 800 as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Electrical Conductivity Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The decrease in the yield with increasing temperature was due to the greater primary decomposition of biomass at higher temperatures or through the secondary decomposition of the char residue. As the temperature increased, vapors inside the cracked particle had to stay there for a shorter time, and hence the yield was decreased [35].…”

Section: Device Fabrication Of Awnp 800mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural and electrochemical investigation of waste newspaper based electrodes for supercapacitor applications

Adinaveen

Vijaya

Sivakumar

et al. 2016

Materials Science-Poland

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There is a general consensus to develop renewable energy storage and conversion technologies to replace fossil fuel energy for sustainable development. Currently, the development of high performance energy storage and conversion devices is an important step on the road to alternative energy technologies. With a special focus on the upgradation of waste to valuable energy, this paper presents an effective synthetic method that utilizes waste newspapers as the precursor to prepare the activated carbon electrodes by the pyrolysis and chemical activation processes. The amorphous nature and surface morphology of the carbon samples were confirmed by XRD and SEM analysis, respectively. Activated waste newspaper carbon (AWNP) showed good electrochemical properties at 800°C and its specific capacitance at a scan rate of 2 mV/s was found to be 380 F/g. It is important to mention that the source of the raw material is cost effective and suitable for green technology.

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Section: Electrical Conductivity Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Device Fabrication Of Awnp 800mentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and electrochemical investigation of waste newspaper based electrodes for supercapacitor applications

Adinaveen

Vijaya

Sivakumar

et al. 2016

Materials Science-Poland

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“…A etapa de carbonização consiste no tratamento térmico (pirólise) do precursor sob atmosfera inerte à temperatura, normalmente, superior a 473 K. É uma etapa de preparação do material na qual se removem componentes voláteis e gases leves (CO, H 2 , CO 2 e CH 4 ), produzindo uma massa de carbono fixo e uma estrutura porosa primária que favorece a ativação posterior. 12 O processo de ativação ocorre após o processo de pirólise e consiste em submeter o material carbonizado a reações secundárias, visando a obtenção de um material poroso e com elevada área superficial. A ativação consiste na retirada de componentes como alcatrão, creosoto e naftas, além de outros resí-duos orgânicos que possam obstruir os poros.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Produção e caracterização de carvão ativado produzido a partir do defeito preto, verde, ardido (PVA) do café

Ramos¹,

Guerreiro²,

Resende³

et al. 2009

Quím. Nova

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“…The application of activated carbons is determined by the maximum adsorption capacity and the rate of adsorption or desorption, which are inherent in the pore structure of the activated carbons (Wigmans, 1989). Generally, high micropore volumes of activated carbons are inherent in high surface areas, which indicate high adsorption capacity, and are desirable for adsorption (Wigmans, 1989).…”

Section: Potential Applications Of Activated Carbons Produced From Unmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Activated Carbons From Coal Combustion by-Products

Schobert¹,

Maroto‐Valer²,

Lü³

2003

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The increasing role of coal as a source of energy in the 21st century will demand environmental and cost-effective strategies for the use of coal combustion by-products (CCBPs), mainly unburned carbon in fly ash. Unburned carbon is nowadays regarded as a waste product and its fate is mainly disposal, due to the present lack of efficient routes for its utilization. However, unburned carbon is a potential precursor for the production of adsorbent carbons, since it has gone through a devolatilization process while in the combustor, and therefore, only requires to be activated. Accordingly, the principal objective of this work was to characterize and utilize the unburned carbon in fly ash for the production of activated carbons.The unburned carbon samples were collected from different combustion systems, including pulverized utility boilers, a utility cyclone, a stoker, and a fluidized bed combustor.LOI (loss-on-ignition), proximate, ultimate, and petrographic analyses were conducted, and the surface areas of the samples were characterized by N 2 adsorption isotherms at 77K. The LOIs of the unburned carbon samples varied between 21.79-84.52%. The proximate analyses showed that all the samples had very low moisture contents (0.17 to 3.39 wt %), while the volatile matter contents varied between 0.45 to 24.82 wt%. The elemental analyses show that all the unburned carbon samples consist mainly of carbon with very little hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur and oxygenIn addition, the potential use of unburned carbon as precursor for activated carbon (AC) was investigated. Activated carbons with specific surface area up to 1075m 2 /g were produced from the unburned carbon. The porosity of the resultant activated carbons was related to the properties of the unburned carbon feedstock and the activation conditions used. It was found that not all the unburned carbon samples are equally suited for activation, and furthermore, their potential as activated carbons precursors could be inferred from their physical and chemical properties. The developed porosity of the activated carbon was a function of the oxygen content, porosity and H/C ratio of the parent unburned carbon feedstock. It was observed that extended activation times and high activation temperatures increased the porosity of the produced activated carbon at the expense of the solid yield.

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Industrial aspects of production and use of activated carbons

Cited by 334 publications

References 23 publications

Structural and electrochemical investigation of waste newspaper based electrodes for supercapacitor applications

Structural and electrochemical investigation of waste newspaper based electrodes for supercapacitor applications

Produção e caracterização de carvão ativado produzido a partir do defeito preto, verde, ardido (PVA) do café

Development of Activated Carbons From Coal Combustion by-Products

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