Induction of feathers by growth regulators on maiden trees of apple and pear

Baldini, E.; Vini, S. Sansa

doi:10.1080/00221589.1973.11514535

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Heavy pruning is often employed to induce lateral branch development, but this practice stimulates vigor and delays economic returns. The strength of apical dominance in apple has been related to the amount of auxin in shoot tips and its movement below the tip area (Abbas, 1978;Baldini et al, 1973); it is likely that a similar phenomenon is active in sweet cherry as well. Recently, the bioregulator cyclanilide (CYC), which appears to interfere with auxin transport and action (Pederson et al, 1997), was shown to induce feather development in nursery-and orchard-grown apple trees (Elfving and Visser, 2005).…”

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Cyclanilide Induces Lateral Branching in Sweet Cherry Trees

Elfving

Visser²

2006

HortSci

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A new bioregulator, cyclanilide (CYC, Bayer Environmental Science, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709), was compared with a proprietary formulation of 6-benzyladenine and gibberellins A4 and A7 [Promalin (PR), Valent BioSciences, Walnut Creek, Calif.] for branching effects on sweet cherry trees. CYC stimulated the formation of lateral shoots on current-season's shoot growth under both orchard and nursery conditions. In the nursery CYC was as effective or better for feathering compared to PR in all cherry cultivars tested. There were no synergistic effects of CYC/PR tank mixes on feather development. Crotch angles of induced feathers were not different from the angles of feathers that formed spontaneously. The growth of CYC-induced feathers was sufficient to produce acceptable quality feathered trees. Trunk caliper of nursery trees was either not affected or reduced to a very minimal degree. CYC is effective for lateral branch induction in sweet cherry, especially in the nursery. Chemical names used: 1-(2,4-dichlorophenylaminocarbonyl)-cyclopropane carboxylic acid (cyclanilide); N-(phenylmethyl)-1H-purine-6-amine + gibberellins A4 and A7 (Promalin); polyoxyethylenepolypropoxypropanol, dihydroxypropane, 2-butoxyethanol (Regulaid).

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Cyclanilide Induces Lateral Branching in Sweet Cherry Trees

Elfving

Visser²

2006

HortSci

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“…The rapid development of lateral branching in apple trees favors early and increased yields (Ferree and Rhodus, 1987;Preston, 1968;Quinlan, 1978bQuinlan, , 1981Quinlan and Preston, 1978;van Oosten, 1978van Oosten, , 1981Wertheim, 1978). Bioregulators with cytokinin-like activity or which interact with auxin-mediated effects are capable of stimulating lateral shoot development in apple trees under both nursery and orchard conditions (Baldini et al, 1973;Basak et al, 1993;Cody et al, 1985aCody et al, , 1985bElfving, 1984Elfving, , 1985Elfving and Forshey, 1978;Forshey, 1982;Greene and Autio, 1990;Jacyna, 1996;Johann, 1983;Koen et al, 1989;Larsen 1979;Miller, 1985;Plich and Basak, 1978;Quinlan, 1981;Quinlan and Tobutt, 1990;Unrath and Shaltout, 1985;Volz et al, 1994;Wertheim and Estabrooks, 1994;Williams and Billingsley, 1970). Although several products that alter auxin metabolism have been tested for branch induction in apple, none has become commercially significant (Cody et al, 1985b;Elfving, 1985;Elfving and Forshey, 1978;Hibbitt and Hardisty, 1979;Johann, 1983;Larsen 1979;Plich and Basak, 1978;Plich and Hegazi, 1977;Qui...…”

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confidence: 99%

Cyclanilide Induces Lateral Branching in Apple Trees

Elfving¹,

Visser²

2005

HortSci

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A new bioregulator, cyclanilide (CYC, Bayer Environmental Science, Montvale, N.J.), was tested for growth-related effects on apple trees over three years. Although treatment with CYC produced small reductions in shoot length, its principal effect was to stimulate the formation of lateral shoots on current-season's shoot growth and from spurs on older wood. CYC treatment of `Scarletspur Delicious' apple trees in the nursery more than doubled the formation of well-developed feathers with wide crotch angles (≈60°) and with no effect on final tree height. CYC appeared to flatten the apples and reduce fruit size in one trial. CYC appears promising for lateral branch induction in apple, especially in the nursery. Chemical names used: 1-(2,4-dichlorophenylaminocarbonyl)-cyclopropane carboxylic acid (Cyclanilide); calcium 3-oxido-4-propionyl-5-oxo-4-propionylcyclohex-3-enecarboxylate (prohexadione-Ca, Apogee); N-(phenylmethyl)-1H-purine-6-amine + gibberellins A4A7 (Promalin); polyoxyethylenepolypropoxypropanol, dihydroxypropane, 2-butoxyethanol (Regulaid).

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“…Apical dominance in apple is associated with the amount of auxin in the branches, and its transport to the base (Baldini et al, 1973;Abbas, 1978), assuming that the same mechanism with cherries. Young leaves in the apical top (vegetative tip) produces the hormone auxin, which is translocated basipetally realizing it as the correlative growth inhibition lower ranking lateral buds (Čmelik et al, 2005;Sazo and Robinson, 2011).…”

Section: A Stanisavljević Et Al: Induction Of Lateral Shoots Of Swementioning

confidence: 99%