Cyclanilide Induces Lateral Branching in Apple Trees

Elfving, D.C.; Visser, Dwayne B.

doi:10.21273/hortsci.40.1.119

Cited by 30 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…In contrast, cyclanilide induced a proliferation of lateral shoot growth and inhibited apical growth. These observations are similar to the findings of Elfving and Visser (2005), which demonstrated the application of cyclanilide caused the induction of lateral branching in apple trees. Therefore, cyclanilide alone acts as a plant growth regulator, but with effects that are very different from those of ethylene.…”

Section: Greenhouse Studiessupporting

confidence: 91%

“…For example, while 0.067 kg a.i./ha ethephon does not induce defoliation, combining this rate of ethephon with an equal or lower rate of cyclanilide enhances defoliation. Cyclanilide alone does not induce defoliation, one manifestation of senescence, but instead will induce lateral branching (Elfving and Visser, 2005). Therefore, while ethephon is the primary inducer of the defoliation process, cyclanilide enhances ethephon activ-ity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of FINISH compares favorably with other cotton harvest aid treatments when evaluated on yield and harvest quality (Larson et al, 2002). Cyclanilide has also been used alone to induce lateral branching in apple trees (Elfving and Visser, 2005). Cyclanilide is a malonanilate, and has a cyclopropane ring similar to 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (Fig.…”

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Effect of Cyclanilide, Ethephon, Auxin Transport Inhibitors, and Temperature on Whole Plant Defoliation

2006

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Whole plant defoliation studies were performed using dark red kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to compare the effect of cyclanilide [1‐(2,4‐dichlorophenylaminocarbonyl)‐cyclopropane carboxylic acid], ethephon (2‐chloroethylphosphonic acid), auxin transport inhibitors, and temperature on leaf abscission. Ethephon induced bean leaf defoliation, but ethephon combined with cyclanilide induced greater defoliation than ethephon alone. The response was dose dependent, as 0.067 kg/ha ethephon alone did not induce defoliation, but when combined with an equal rate of cyclanilide induced 63% defoliation five days after treatment (DAT). In addition, combining auxin transport inhibitors at 0.140 kg a.i./ha with 0.067 kg a.i./ha ethephon induced 50 to 52% defoliation, 5 DAT. Ethephon‐induced defoliation was more temperature sensitive than the combination of cyclanilide with ethephon. Ethephon alone (0.067 kg a.i./ha) induced 26% defoliation 5 DAT at the highest tested temperature (30/26°C, day/night), but cyclanilide combined with ethephon induced 75 to 85% defoliation at all tested temperatures (except at 16/14°C, the lowest). These results indicate that cyclanilide is an ethephon synergist because it enhanced ethephon activity, even at low temperatures. These results support the model that ethylene released by ethephon induces abscission, and suggests that inhibition of auxin transport or auxin signaling will increase the effect of ethylene on the process of leaf abscission. Because of the similarities to the activity to 1‐N‐naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA) and 2,3,4‐triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) in vivo, cyclanilide may act as an auxin transport inhibitor.

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Section: Greenhouse Studiessupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Cyclanilide, Ethephon, Auxin Transport Inhibitors, and Temperature on Whole Plant Defoliation

2006

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“…In fruit trees, the development of sylleptic shoots along the trunk in the early stage of tree development (in nursery), is considered as an advantage for young tree establishment (Wertheim 1978). Plant growth regulators (mostly including a cytokinin effect) are often applied to produce feathered trees which have a potential for early cropping (Miller 1988;Elfving and Visser 2005). In addition, the number of sylleptic shoots in young pear cultivars has been shown to be related to the length of the juvenile period ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotyping progenies for complex architectural traits: a strategy for 1-year-old apple trees (Malus x domestica Borkh.)

Segura

Cilas

Laurens

et al. 2006

Tree Genetics & Genomes

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International audienceThe aim of this study was to define a methodology for describing architectural traits in a quantitative way on tree descendants. Our strategy was to collect traits related to both tree structural organization, resulting from growth and branching, and tree form and then to select among these traits relevant descriptors on the basis of their genetic parameters. Because the complexity of tree architecture increases with tree age, we chose to describe the trees in the early stages of development. The study was carried out on a 1-year-old apple progeny derived from two parent cultivars with contrasted architecture. A large number of variables were collected at different positions and scales within the trees. Broad-sense heritability and genetic correlations were estimated and the within tree variability was analyzed for variables measured on long sylleptic axillary shoots (LSAS). These results were combined to select heritable and not correlated variables. Finally, the selection of variables proposed combines topological with geometric traits measured on both trunks and LSAS: (1) on the trunk, mean internode length, and number of sylleptic axillary shoots; (2) on axillary shoots, conicity, bending, and number of sylleptic axillary shoots born at order 3. The trees of the progeny were partitioned on the basis of these variables. The putative agronomic interest of the selected variables with respect to the subsequent tree development is discussed

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“…For this reason apple trees with well-developed sylleptic shoots (feathers) from the nursery are preferred for high-density plantings. Much research has been conducted on stimulation of feathering in apple nursery trees (Elfving and Visser, 2005). In contrast, little research has been carried out on the induction of sylleptic shoot (feather) formation in sweet cherry trees.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cyclanilide Induces Lateral Branching in Sweet Cherry Trees

Elfving

Visser²

2006

HortSci

Self Cite

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A new bioregulator, cyclanilide (CYC, Bayer Environmental Science, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709), was compared with a proprietary formulation of 6-benzyladenine and gibberellins A4 and A7 [Promalin (PR), Valent BioSciences, Walnut Creek, Calif.] for branching effects on sweet cherry trees. CYC stimulated the formation of lateral shoots on current-season's shoot growth under both orchard and nursery conditions. In the nursery CYC was as effective or better for feathering compared to PR in all cherry cultivars tested. There were no synergistic effects of CYC/PR tank mixes on feather development. Crotch angles of induced feathers were not different from the angles of feathers that formed spontaneously. The growth of CYC-induced feathers was sufficient to produce acceptable quality feathered trees. Trunk caliper of nursery trees was either not affected or reduced to a very minimal degree. CYC is effective for lateral branch induction in sweet cherry, especially in the nursery. Chemical names used: 1-(2,4-dichlorophenylaminocarbonyl)-cyclopropane carboxylic acid (cyclanilide); N-(phenylmethyl)-1H-purine-6-amine + gibberellins A4 and A7 (Promalin); polyoxyethylenepolypropoxypropanol, dihydroxypropane, 2-butoxyethanol (Regulaid).

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Cyclanilide Induces Lateral Branching in Apple Trees

Cited by 30 publications

References 34 publications

Effect of Cyclanilide, Ethephon, Auxin Transport Inhibitors, and Temperature on Whole Plant Defoliation

Effect of Cyclanilide, Ethephon, Auxin Transport Inhibitors, and Temperature on Whole Plant Defoliation

Phenotyping progenies for complex architectural traits: a strategy for 1-year-old apple trees (Malus x domestica Borkh.)

Cyclanilide Induces Lateral Branching in Sweet Cherry Trees

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