Induced Physical Mutagenesis and its Effect in Cytological Behavior of Ashwagandha (<i>Withania somnifera</i> (L.) Dunal)

Abstract

The mitotic effect of physical mutagen gamma rays was observed in the root tip cells of Ashwagandha. The Chromosome analysis has been showed as an important tool for establish variability of the plant seed by use of physical mutagen gamma rays. The gamma rays have of low wavelength and high penetrable power. The plant has tremendous medicinal values and it is known from ancient times. The dry and well matured seeds of ashwagandha were irradiated with different doses of gamma rays viz., 5,10,15,20,25,30,35, 40, 45 and 50 KR respectively. The chromosome number of control plant is 2n = 48. The gamma rays affect the normal cytological behavior of ashwagandha species. The chromosomal aberrations increase with increase in the doses of gamma rays to optimum level of 30KR, because it causes changes in the chromosome structure, cellular structure and metabolism of plants. The chromosome aberration like, Sticky metaphase, Precocious moment chromosome, Fragments, Anaphasic bridge, Anaphasic laggard, Telophasic laggard. The present investigation was carried out to study the cytogenetic analysis of the species Withania somnifera. The chromosomal aberration increases with increase in the doses to optimum level (50 KR) of physical mutagen gamma rays.

Gamma Radiation Effects Seed Germination, Plant Growth and Yield Attributing Characters of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)

“…The study revealed that pollen fertility decreased with an increase in dose/concentration of the mutagens (Bashir et al, 2016). Delayed in first flowering in ashwagandha was reported by the irradiated the seeds with different dose of gamma rays (Bharathi et al, 2013). Our result was also same as we also found delayed in flowering in gamma rays irradiated plants.…”

An Effort of Mutation Breeding by Oryzalin and Gamma Rays on Wild Raspberry (Rubus sp.) in Cibodas Botanical Garden

“…Furthermore, the range of gamma rays doses tested did not significantly affect the germination percentage of R. lineatus and R. chrysophyllus seeds. It is slightly different with certain studies performed on seeds of several species such as Withania samnifera (Bharathi et al, 2013), Citrus jambhiri (Sharma et al, 2013), Cajanus cajan (Ariraman et al, 2014) that a gradual decrease in seed germination from lower doses to higher doses of gamma rays were observed. In the other hand, Giovani et al (2015) reported that the effect of gamma rays at 50, 100 and 200 Gy were able to increase seed germination of Rosa hybrida.…”

The Effect of Gamma rays on the Zingiber officinale cv. Roscoe Varieties Bentong and Tanjung Sepat based on Radiosensitivity and Cytological Analysis

“…Then the spindle fiber pulled the chromosome towards the poles thus bridges were broken into fragments. This fragment has to move either towards the poles or formed the laggards [22]- [23]. As the consequence, omission of the arrival of chromatids at the poles caused of the event of fragments at metaphase [24].…”