Indirect selection of thermal tolerance during experimental evolution of <i><scp>D</scp>rosophila melanogaster</i>

Condon, Catriona; Acharya, Ajjya; Adrian, Gregory J.; Hurliman, Alex M.; Malekooti, David; Nguyen, Phivu; Zelic, Maximilian H.; Angilletta, Michael J.

doi:10.1002/ece3.1472

Cited by 35 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Heat knock‐down times were, as expected, strongly influenced by stress temperature, being much shorter at 45 and 47 °C as compared with 43 °C. This finding suggests that temperatures above 43 °C can be survived for very short periods only (Chidawanyika & Terblanche, ; Terblanche et al ., ; Condon et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Heat resistance throughout ontogeny: body size constrains thermal tolerance

Klockmann

Günter

Fischer

2016

Global Change Biology

122

107

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Heat tolerance is a trait of paramount ecological importance and may determine a species' ability to cope with ongoing climate change. Although critical thermal limits have consequently received substantial attention in recent years, their potential variation throughout ontogeny remained largely neglected. We investigate whether such neglect may bias conclusions regarding a species' sensitivity to climate change. Using a tropical butterfly, we found that developmental stages clearly differed in heat tolerance. It was highest in pupae followed by larvae, adults and finally eggs and hatchlings. Strikingly, most of the variation found in thermal tolerance was explained by differences in body mass, which may thus impose a severe constraint on adaptive variation in stress tolerance. Furthermore, temperature acclimation was beneficial by increasing heat knock-down time and therefore immediate survival under heat stress, but it affected reproduction negatively. Extreme temperatures strongly reduced survival and subsequent reproductive success even in our highly plastic model organism, exemplifying the potentially dramatic impact of extreme weather events on biodiversity. We argue that predictions regarding a species' fate under changing environmental conditions should consider variation in thermal tolerance throughout ontogeny, variation in body mass and acclimation responses as important predictors of stress tolerance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Heat resistance throughout ontogeny: body size constrains thermal tolerance

Klockmann

Günter

Fischer

2016

Global Change Biology

122

107

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“…; Condon et al. ). Moreover, the lack of detection of plasticity costs may be partly due to the fact that they have been looked for in the wrong place, for example, developmental instability may be the cost that more plastic genotypes pay (see Tonsor et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Keeping your options open: Maintenance of thermal plasticity during adaptation to a stable environment

et al. 2015

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Phenotypic plasticity may allow species to cope with environmental variation. The study of thermal plasticity and its evolution helps understanding how populations respond to variation in temperature. In the context of climate change, it is essential to realize the impact of historical differences in the ability of populations to exhibit a plastic response to thermal variation and how it evolves during colonization of new environments. We have analyzed the real-time evolution of thermal reaction norms of adult and juvenile traits in Drosophila subobscura populations from three locations of Europe in the laboratory. These populations were kept at a constant temperature of 18ºC, and were periodically assayed at three experimental temperatures (13ºC, 18ºC, and 23ºC). We found initial differentiation between populations in thermal plasticity as well as evolutionary convergence in the shape of reaction norms for some adult traits, but not for any of the juvenile traits. Contrary to theoretical expectations, an overall better performance of high latitude populations across temperatures in early generations was observed. Our study shows that the evolution of thermal plasticity is trait specific, and that a new stable environment did not limit the ability of populations to cope with environmental challenges.

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“…However, lack of difference in cold tolerance between sexes were also reported in SWD (Ryan et al, 2016). In D. melanogaster , the sex effect on cold tolerance can be sometimes in favor of males (Kelty & Lee, 2001; Sejerkilde, Sørensen & Loeschcke, 2003; Jensen, Overgaard & Sørensen, 2007), or females (David et al, 1998; Condon et al, 2015). These discrepancies may result from various factors, such as different measures of cold tolerance, tested temperatures or age of flies (Jensen, Overgaard & Sørensen, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basal tolerance to heat and cold exposure of the spotted wing drosophila,Drosophila suzukii

Enriquez

Colinet

2017

PeerJ

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The spotted wing Drosophila, Drosophila suzukii, is a new pest in Europe and America which causes severe damages, mostly to stone fruit crops. Temperature and humidity are among the most important abiotic factors governing insect development and fitness. In many situations, temperature can become stressful thus compromising survival. The ability to cope with thermal stress depends on basal level of thermal tolerance. Basic knowledge on temperature-dependent mortality of D. suzukii is essential to facilitate management of this pest. The objective of the present study was to investigate D. suzukii basal cold and heat tolerance. Adults and pupae were subjected to six low temperatures (−5–7.5 °C) and seven high temperatures (30–37 °C) for various durations, and survival-time-temperature relationships were investigated. Data showed that males were globally more cold tolerant than females. At temperature above 5 °C, adult cold mortality became minor even after prolonged exposures (e.g., only 20% mortality after one month at 7.5 °C). Heat tolerance of males was lower than that of females at the highest tested temperatures (34, 35 and 37 °C). Pupae appeared much less cold tolerant than adults at all temperatures (e.g., Lt50 at 5° C: 4–5 d for adults vs. 21 h for pupae). Pupae were more heat tolerant than adults at the most extreme high temperatures (e.g., Lt50 at 37 °C: 30 min for adults vs. 4 h for pupae). The pupal thermal tolerance was further investigated under low vs. high humidity. Low relative humidity did not affect pupal cold survival, but it reduced survival under heat stress. Overall, this study shows that survival of D. suzukii under heat and cold conditions can vary with stress intensity, duration, humidity, sex and stage, and the methodological approach used here, which was based on thermal tolerance landscapes, provides a comprehensive description of D. suzukiithermal tolerance and limits.

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Indirect selection of thermal tolerance during experimental evolution of Drosophila melanogaster

Cited by 35 publications

References 60 publications

Heat resistance throughout ontogeny: body size constrains thermal tolerance

Heat resistance throughout ontogeny: body size constrains thermal tolerance

Keeping your options open: Maintenance of thermal plasticity during adaptation to a stable environment

Basal tolerance to heat and cold exposure of the spotted wing drosophila,Drosophila suzukii

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