Independent and combined effect of home-based progressive resistance training and nutritional supplementation on muscle strength, muscle mass and physical function in dynapenic older adults with low protein intake: A randomized controlled trial

Bastone, Alessandra de Carvalho; Nobre, Luciana Neri; Moreira, Bruno de Souza; Rosa, Iramaya Francielle; Ferreira, Gabrielle Bemfica; Santos, Dayane Deyse Lee; Monteiro, Nancy Krysna Sancha Silva; Alves, Michelle Dullya; Gandra, Rômulo Amaral; Lira, Elane Marinho de

doi:10.1016/j.archger.2020.104098

Cited by 24 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…At the end of each training session 5 min of core training (crunches, hip extension, side bends, diagonal lifts, and trunk rotation) was performed. 2 d per week (week 0–4): 16–20 RM (week 5–8): 12 RM (week 9–12): 10 RM (week 13–52): 8 RM 16 weeks (week 0–12): 3 sets (week 13–52): 4 sets 52weeks Botton 2018 29 Functional exercises (squat and steps up and down); Traditional exercises (leg press, leg extension, leg curl, hip abduction, inclined bench press, low row, biceps curl, triceps, crunch) 3 d per week Functional exercises: additional load or step if < 6 on OMNI scale; Traditional exercises: (week 1–8): 15RM, (week 9–12): 12RM 12 weeks Functional exercises: (week 1–4): 2 sets∗10reps, (week 5–8): 3 sets∗10 reps; (week9–12): 3 sets∗15reps Traditional exercises: (week 1–4): 2 sets∗12 reps, (week 5–8): 3 sets∗12 reps; (week9–12): 3 sets∗10 reps Brooks 2006 31 strength training using five pneumatic machines: upper back, chest press, leg press, knee extension and flexion 3 d per week (week 1–8): 60–80% 1RM (week 10–14): 70–80% 1RM 16 weeks 3 sets∗8reps Castaneda 2002 40 PRT using five pneumatic resistance training machines (chest and leg press, upper back, knee extension, and flexion; Keiser Sports Health Equipment, Fresno, CA) 3 d per week (week 1–8): 60–80% 1RM (week 10–14): 70–80% 1RM 16 weeks 3 sets∗8reps de Carvalho Bastone 2020 45 resistance training included the following muscle groups: shoulder abductors, flexors and extensors; scapular adductors; elbow flexors and extensors; hip adductors, abductors, flexors, and extensors; knee flexors and extensors. Elastic bands, dumbbells, and ankle weights were used as resistance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 of the included articles clearly stated the method of group allocation. 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 42 , 43 , 45 Since the included experiments were all human studies, subjects were required to sign an informed consent form, and the exercise intervention process required supervision by relevant research staff, blinding of participants and personnel was difficult to ensure. Therefore, all articles in this study were evaluated as high risk in terms of blinding.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…de Carvalho Bastone et al. 45 found no improvement in insulin sensitivity in older subjects who underwent a 12-week supervised home-based progressive resistance training program. Rech et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…One possible explanation for why progressive protocols not having significant effect on insulin sensitivity is that the training intensity increased gradually in progressive group, 30 , 31 , 41 while intensity was constantly high in non-progressive group. 26 , 27 , 28 , 44 , 45 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of resistance training on insulin sensitivity in the elderly: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Jiahao

2021

Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness

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Objective We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of resistance training in older adults on insulin sensitivity. Methods: Cochrane, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science and EBSCO were searched from inception to April 2021. We integrated randomized controlled trials published in English, and participants were non-athletic and aged ≥60 years. The outcome of interest was the change in insulin sensitivity, derived from the homeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Results: 12 RCTs were included in this meta-analysis comparing resistance training (n = 232) with control (n = 209). Resistance exercise significantly reduced HOMA-IR level (d = −0.25, 95% CI, −0.43 to −0.06; P < 0.05) and HbA1c levels of (d = −0.51, 95% CI, −0.84 to −0.18; P < 0.05). Subgroup analysis of HOMA-IR revealed that the variables “population”, “training intensity” and “period” had significant effects on HOMA-IR, with the largest effect sizes for high-intensity (d = −0.43, 95%CI, −0.85 to −0.22, P < 0.05) and long-term (more than 12 weeks) (d = −0.43, 95%CI, −0.85 to −0.22, P < 0.05) training programs in older adults without type 2 diabetes (T2D) (d = −0.23, 95%CI, −0.42 to −0.04, P < 0.05). Subgroup analysis of HbA1c suggested that resistance training programs with moderate intensity (d = −0.51, 95%CI, −0.90 to −0.12, P < 0.05) and short term (less than or equal to 12 weeks) (d = −0.49, 95%CI, −0.84 to −0.14, P < 0.05) have greater effects on HbA1c. Conclusion: The findings of this meta-analysis suggest that resistance training is effective for inducing improvement in insulin sensitivity for elderly. Subgroup analysis showed that high intensity and long period of resistance exercise improve HOMA-IR in healthy old adults, and that resistance training with moderate intensity and short period improve HbA1c in T2D old people. More studies with high methodological qualities and large sample sizes need to be done to further confirm our conclusion.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of resistance training on insulin sensitivity in the elderly: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Jiahao

2021

Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness

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“…In Brazilian older adults able to walk independently but with protein a intake <1 g/kg/day, a 3-month resistance training combined with protein supplementation (40 g/day) improved handgrip strength (22.55 ± 6.31 vs. 16.46 ± 3.78 kg, p < 0.001), and 5-time sit-to-stand test (11.89 ± 2.87 vs. 17.05 ± 7.69 s, p = 0.016) compared to a control group keeping to their daily routine [35]. Bonnefoy et al followed French older adults at risk of becoming frail but able to walk independently over 4 months [36].…”

Section: Older Adults With Low-protein Intake or Limited Mobilitymentioning

confidence: 96%

Nutritional Intervention to Prevent the Functional Decline in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review

et al. 2020

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Aging is a global public health concern. From the age of 50, muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance tend to decline. Sarcopenia and frailty are frequent in community-dwelling older adults and are associated with negative outcomes such as physical disability and mortality. Therefore, the identification of therapeutic strategies to prevent and fight sarcopenia and frailty is of great interest. This systematic review aims to summarize the impact of nutritional interventions alone or combined with other treatment(s) in older community-dwelling adults on (1) the three indicators of sarcopenia, i.e., muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance; and (2) the hospitalization and readmission rates. The literature search was performed on Medline and included studies published between January 2010 and June 2020. We included randomized controlled trials of nutritional intervention alone or combined with other treatment(s) in community-living subjects aged 65 or older. In total, 28 articles were retained in the final analysis. This systematic review highlights the importance of a multimodal approach, including at least a combined nutritional and exercise intervention, to improve muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance, in community-dwelling older adults but especially in frail and sarcopenic subjects. Regarding hospitalization and readmission rate, data were limited and inconclusive. Future studies should continue to investigate the effects of such interventions in this population.

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Evidence-based recommendations for resistance and power training to prevent frailty in community-dwellers

et al. 2021

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Independent and combined effect of home-based progressive resistance training and nutritional supplementation on muscle strength, muscle mass and physical function in dynapenic older adults with low protein intake: A randomized controlled trial

Cited by 24 publications

References 44 publications

Effects of resistance training on insulin sensitivity in the elderly: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Effects of resistance training on insulin sensitivity in the elderly: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Nutritional Intervention to Prevent the Functional Decline in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review

Evidence-based recommendations for resistance and power training to prevent frailty in community-dwellers

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