Increases in pH and soluble salts influence the effect that additions of organic residues have on concentrations of exchangeable and soil solution aluminium

Mokolobate, M. S.; Haynes, Richard

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2389.2002.00465.x

Cited by 40 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Soluble organic substances can chelate the Al bound to the solid phase and displace the complex to the soil solution. The higher values of ionic strength (IS) of the soil solution in the surface layers (data not shown) could contribute for Al displacement, due to the action of other exchangeable cations, as already point out by Bessho and Bell (1992) and Mokolobate and Haynes (2002). Total aluminum (Al t ) correlated positively to IS in the following soil layers : 0-0.05 m (r = 0.77; P = 0.0005), 0.05-0.1 m (r = 0.77; P = 0.0005), 0.1-0.2 m (r = 0.93; P < 0.0001), and 0.6-0.8 m (r = 0.55; P = 0.03).…”

Section: Aluminummentioning

confidence: 79%

Nutrient concentration in soil water extracts and soybean nutrition in response to lime and gypsum applications to an acid Oxisol under no-till system

Zambrosi

Alleoni

Caires

2007

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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No-till system (NTS) occupies 20 million hectares with grain crops in Brazil. However, calcium deficiency and aluminum toxicity can limit crop yields in many soils, and liming, associated to gypsum application, is an option for improving soil management. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of lime and gypsum application on the composition of soil water extracts of a clayey Rhodic Hapludox, cultivated with soybean under NTS. The experiment had a randomized complete block design with split-plots. The plots consisted of lime treatments (either a single rate of 4.5 t ha À1 or three annual rates of 1.5 t ha À1 ) surface-applied or incorporated at 0.2 m depth. The subplots received surface applications of gypsum (3, 6 and 9 t ha À1 ). Liming increased total calcium and magnesium concentrations and the magnesium free Form activity (aMg 2+ ) in the water extracts. The effect of liming on Mg was observed at deeper layers of the soil profile. Gypsum increased total concentration and free forms activities at calcium (aCa 2+ ) and sulfate, but decreased to magnesium in the 0.05-0.2 m soil layer. Part of Mg lost from these upper layers probably contributed to increased Mg in the subsoil (0.4-0.8 m). Free forms activities at the aluminum, calcium, magnesium and sulfate were lower than the total concentrations, mainly for aluminum. Ca and Mg concentrations in soybean leaf tissue were positively correlated to the aCa 2+ and aMg 2+ in the soil water extract. Soybean grain yield was negatively correlated to both Mn total concentration and activity (free form) in the soil water extract, but it was positively correlated to sulfate (total concentration and free form activity) in the subsoil layer and to the Ca total concentration in the upper layer (0-0.05 m). It is concluded that lime and gypsum ameliorate soybean grain yield under NTS.

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Section: Aluminummentioning

confidence: 79%

Nutrient concentration in soil water extracts and soybean nutrition in response to lime and gypsum applications to an acid Oxisol under no-till system

Zambrosi

Alleoni

Caires

2007

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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“…The liming effect of poultry manure, to the depth to which it is incorporated, has been well-documented previously (Materechera and Mkhabela, 2002;Mokolobate and Haynes, 2002;Castillo et al, 2003). There are a number of mechanisms that can be responsible for an increase in soil pH when organic residues are added to soils (Haynes and Mokolobate, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…The bulk of the Al in leachates was present as Al mono rather than as Al org suggesting that it leached as a counter-ion with inorganic rather than organic anions. The leaching of excess soluble salts out of the profile following heavy applications of poultry manure can be an important management practice (Liebhardt, 1976) since soil salinity induced by additions of poultry manure is a common phenomenon (Liebhardt, 1976;Mokolobate and Haynes, 2002). In some cases, it has even been shown to depress crop yields (Liebhardt and Shortall, 1974).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of surface‐applied poultry manure on topsoil and subsoil acidity and salinity: A leaching column study

Haynes

Judge

2008

Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk.

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It has been suggested that surface applications of animal manure can ameliorate both top and subsoil acidity. For that reason, the effects of surface incorporation (0-5 cm) of a high rate of poultry manure to an acid soil on pH and exchangeable and soluble Al in the top-and subsoil were investigated in a leaching column study. During the experimental period of 108 d, columns received a total of 875 mm with leaching events occurring after 9, 37, 58, and 86 d. Incorporation of poultry manure into the surface 5 cm resulted in a large rise in pH measured in both 1M KCl and in soil solution. This liming effect was attributed primarily to the substantial CaCO 3 content of poultry manure. In the 15-45 cm layer, pH KCl was not significantly different between poultry manure and control treatments but surprisingly, soil-solution pH was substantially less in the poultry-manure treatments. Exchangeable Al was significantly less in poultry manure than in control in all soil layers although the effect was most marked in the 0-5 cm layer. However, although concentrations and activities of monomeric Al (Al mono ), and the proportion of total Al present as Al mono , in soil solution were lower under poultry manure than in control in the 0-5 cm layer, the reverse was, in fact, the case in lower soil horizons. This was attributed to a solublesalt effect, originating from the large cation content of poultry manure, displacing exchangeable Al 3+ and H + back into soil solution. Indeed, electrical conductivity and concentrations of Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , K + , and Na + in soil solution were substantially higher in the poultry-manure than in the control treatments at all soil depths. Poultry-manure applications also resulted in substantial increases in the concentrations of Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , K + , Na + , Al mono , NH 4 , and NO À 3 in leachates, particularly at the fourth leaching. It was concluded that although surface application of poultry manure can raise soil pH in the topsoil, increases in soluble-salt concentrations in soil solution can greatly modify this effect in the subsoil.

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“…Thus, the treatments where there was an appreciable accumulation of soluble salts (poultry and to a lesser extent pig manure) showed the least suppression in pH when it was measured in KCl rather than water. A high salt concentration in soil solution can result in unusually high concentrations of Al being present in soil solution (Mokolobate and Haynes, 2002). Nonetheless, concentrations of Al t and Al mono were not unusually high in the poultry-and pig-manure treatments relative to the concentrations of exchangeable Al present.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

The liming effect of five organic manures when incubated with an acid soil

Naramabuye

Haynes

2007

Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk.

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A laboratory incubation experiment of 6 months duration was carried out to investigate the liming effects of five organic manures (poultry, pig, and cattle manure, soybean residues, and sewage sludge) when added to an acid soil at a rate of 10 mg g -1 . Soils were sampled after 1, 7, 13, 19, and 25 weeks of incubation. For the animal manures and sewage sludge, soil pH was highest after 1 week incubation and it declined thereafter. However, for soybean residues, pH increased over the first 7 weeks of incubation after which it declined. The decreases in pH were accompanied by accumulation of NO À 3 -N in the soil. The addition of organic residues to the soil resulted in decreases in the concentrations of exchangeable Al and in both total (Al t ) and monomeric (Al mono ) Al present in the soil solution. The effect was most marked for poultry manure, least marked for cattle manure, and more evident after 7 than 25 weeks incubation. Concentrations of soluble C in the soil solution were elevated in manure-amended soils. Manure additions resulted in a decrease in the percentage of Al t present in solution as Al mono , and this was attributed to complexation of Al by soluble organic matter originating from the manures. It was concluded that organic wastes can act as liming materials when added to acid soils and that the resulting increase in pH and decrease in Al mono concentrations might provide a window of opportunity for establishment and early growth of crop plants.

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Increases in pH and soluble salts influence the effect that additions of organic residues have on concentrations of exchangeable and soil solution aluminium

Cited by 40 publications

References 24 publications

Nutrient concentration in soil water extracts and soybean nutrition in response to lime and gypsum applications to an acid Oxisol under no-till system

Nutrient concentration in soil water extracts and soybean nutrition in response to lime and gypsum applications to an acid Oxisol under no-till system

Influence of surface‐applied poultry manure on topsoil and subsoil acidity and salinity: A leaching column study

The liming effect of five organic manures when incubated with an acid soil

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