Increased serum IgA and IgM against LPS of enterobacteria in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS): Indication for the involvement of gram-negative enterobacteria in the etiology of CFS and for the presence of an increased gut–intestinal permeability

Maes, Michaël; Mihaylova, Ivana; Leunis, Jean–Claude

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2006.08.021

Cited by 165 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Enteroviruses have been evaluated in several studies, with early data from Gow et al [19] initially suggesting muscle infection; however, the same group failed to find levels higher than those in controls in later studies. Maes et al [20] found elevated serum levels of IgA and IgM against the LPS of gram-negative enterobacteria in a group of CFS patients, indicating increased gut permeability and an anti-LPS immune response. Researchers noted that the intestinal barrier may be weakened by factors that have been shown to trigger CFS such as psychologic stress, strenuous exercise, allergies, surgery, and trauma.…”

Section: Viral Reactivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on these findings, the authors suggested that patients with CFS and other forms of chronic fatigue should be assessed for the presence of increased gut permeability through the measurement of IgA/IgM against the LPS of gram-negative bacteria. The authors also recommend using certain antioxidants to treat patients with increased gut permeability [20].…”

Section: Viral Reactivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chronic fatigue syndrome: Inflammation, immune function, and neuroendocrine interactions

Klimas

Koneru²

2007

Curr Rheumatol Rep

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Investigations into the underlying cause of chronic fatigue syndrome have advanced the field considerably in the past year. Gene microarray data have led to a better understanding of pathogenesis. Recent research has evaluated genetic signatures, described biologic subgroups, and suggested potential targeted treatments. Acute viral infection studies found that initial infection severity was the single best predictor of persistent fatigue. Genomic studies showed that persistent cases express Epstein Barr virus-specific genes and demonstrate abnormalities of mitochondrial function. Studies of immune dysfunction extended observations of natural killer cytotoxic cell dysfunction of the cytotoxic T cell through quantitative evaluation of intracellular perforins and granzymes. Other research has focused on a subgroup of patients with reactivated viral infection. These advances should result in targeted therapies that impact immune function, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis regulation, and persistent viral reactivation.

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Section: Viral Reactivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Viral Reactivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic fatigue syndrome: Inflammation, immune function, and neuroendocrine interactions

Klimas

Koneru²

2007

Curr Rheumatol Rep

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“…63,64 Increased levels of D-lactate producing bacteria in stool were found in a study of patients with CFS and neurocognitive dysfunction, raising the possibility that microbial D-lactate might contribute to symptoms of patients with CFS. 65 Maes et al found increased intestinal permeability to be common among patients with CFS 37 and to improve in response to administration of glutamine, N-acetylcysteine, and zinc along with adoption of a ''leaky gut'' diet. Improved permeability was demonstrated by reduction in titers of antibodies directed against intestinal flora and was directly related to improvement of symptoms.…”

Section: D-lactic Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increased intestinal permeability has also been described in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), 37 fibromyalgia, and complex regional pain syndrome. 38 SIBO by itself can increase intestinal permeability 39 ; SIBO is associated with fibromyalgia 40 and restless legs syndrome (RLS), 41 with treatment of SIBO producing clinically significant improvement in a small group of patients with RLS.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gut Microbiome and the Brain

Galland

2014

Journal of Medicinal Food

532

390

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“…Evidence of changes in gut permeability and resultant bacterial translocation as a source of shared pathophysiology of CFS and MDD comes from observed IgA and IgM responses against LPS from enteric bacteria, including H. alvei , P. aeruginosa , M. morganii , P. mirabilis , P. putida , C. koseri , and K. pneumoniae [102] . In addition, IgA responses to LPS are linked to increased levels of IL-1, TNF-α, and neopterin [103] .…”

Section: Chronic Fatigue Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota, Bacterial Translocation, and Interactions with Diet: Pathophysiological Links between Major Depressive Disorder and Non-Communicable Medical Comorbidities

Slyepchenko

Maes

Jacka

et al. 2016

Psychother Psychosom

Self Cite

211

136

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Background: Persistent low-grade immune-inflammatory processes, oxidative and nitrosative stress (O&NS), and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation are integral to the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). The microbiome, intestinal compositional changes, and resultant bacterial translocation add a new element to the bidirectional interactions of the gut-brain axis; new evidence implicates these pathways in the patho-aetiology of MDD. In addition, abnormalities in the gut-brain axis are associated with several chronic non-communicable disorders, which frequently co-occur in individuals with MDD, including but not limited to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: We searched the PubMed/MEDLINE database up until May 1, 2016 for studies which investigated intestinal dysbiosis and bacterial translocation (the ‘leaky gut') in the pathophysiology of MDD and co-occurring somatic comorbidities with an emphasis on IBS, CFS, obesity, and T2DM. Results: The composition of the gut microbiota is influenced by several genetic and environmental factors (e.g. diet). Several lines of evidence indicate that gut-microbiota-diet interactions play a significant pathophysiological role in MDD and related medical comorbidities. Gut dysbiosis and the leaky gut may influence several pathways implicated in the biology of MDD, including but not limited to immune activation, O&NS, and neuroplasticity cascades. However, methodological inconsistencies and limitations limit comparisons across studies. Conclusions: Intestinal dysbiosis and the leaky gut may constitute a key pathophysiological link between MDD and its medical comorbidities. This emerging literature opens relevant preventative and therapeutic perspectives.

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Increased serum IgA and IgM against LPS of enterobacteria in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS): Indication for the involvement of gram-negative enterobacteria in the etiology of CFS and for the presence of an increased gut–intestinal permeability

Cited by 165 publications

References 14 publications

Chronic fatigue syndrome: Inflammation, immune function, and neuroendocrine interactions

Chronic fatigue syndrome: Inflammation, immune function, and neuroendocrine interactions

The Gut Microbiome and the Brain

Gut Microbiota, Bacterial Translocation, and Interactions with Diet: Pathophysiological Links between Major Depressive Disorder and Non-Communicable Medical Comorbidities

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