Increased Salivary Cortisol in Severe Dental Anxiety

Benjamins, C. E.; Asscheman, H.; Schuurs, A.H.B.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1992.tb01703.x

Cited by 38 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The same relation has been shown for anxiety (Benjamins et al, 1992;Curtis et al, 1978;Vedhara et al, 2003). But there are also studies that do not support the relationship between negative affect or anxiety and elevated cortisol.…”

Section: Cortisol and Fatigue/exhaustionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…The results have revealed some support for an association between negative affect/mood and increased levels of cortisol (Buchanan et al, 1999;Smyth et al, 1998). The same relation has been shown for anxiety (Benjamins et al, 1992;Curtis et al, 1978;Vedhara et al, 2003). But there are also studies that do not support the relation of negative affect or anxiety to elevated cortisol.…”

Section: Studies Of the Hpa-axis In Response To Stressmentioning

confidence: 86%

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Work stress and overtime work: Effects on cortisol, sleep, sleepiness and health

Dahlgren¹

2006

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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Work stress and overtime work -effects on cortisol, sleep, sleepiness and healthAkademisk avhandling som för avläggande av filosofie doktorsexamen vid Stockholms Universitet offentligen försvaras på det engelska språket i David Magnussonsalen, Psykologiska Institutionen, Stockholms Universitet, fredagen den 15 december kl. 10.00 Anna DahlgrenIn Sweden the National Bureau of Statistics has reported an increase in stress-related disorders and sleep problems since the mid-1990's. They also report that the number of hours of overtime worked has increased. Previous research on work-related stress and overtime work has demonstrated associations with altered physiological arousal, increased risk for stress related diseases, shorter sleep, greater fatigue and impaired performance. However, there is a lack of knowledge on the effects within individuals. The general aim of the thesis was to investigate the effect of overtime work and increased work stress on sleep, the diurnal pattern of cortisol, sleepiness and subjective stress in a within-subject design. In addition, it examined individual differences in the diurnal cortisol response to stress. We used a combination of methods -questionnaires, sleep and wake diaries, objective measures of sleep, stress hormones (salivary cortisol) and ambulatory measures of heart rate and blood pressure. Studies followed office workers during two different conditions of (I) high/low work stress and (II) overtime work respectively. The individual differences in the cortisol response to stress from study I prompted study III. In this study we examined two groups that showed different cortisol responses to stress.In conclusion, the results (I) demonstrated that a week with higher workload and stress affects physiological stress markers such as cortisol, and is associated with increased sleepiness and problems of unwinding at bedtime, shorter sleep duration and longer work hours. Furthermore (II) overtime work, under conditions of relatively low workload, was shown to be associated with modest effects on physiological markers of arousal. More pronounced effects were found on sleep and fatigue, with greater problems during overtime work. Study III indicated that individual differences in cortisol response to stress maybe related to fatigue and exhaustion. RESULTS -SUMMARY OF STUDIES 36Study I -Different levels of work-related stress and the effects on sleep, fatigue and cortisol 36Study II-Overtime work and its effect on sleep, sleepiness, cortisol and blood pressure 38Study III -Individual differences in the diurnal cortisol response to stress 41 DISCUSSION 43Work IntroductionThe present thesis is focused on work related stress and long work hours. In 2005 24.4% of the Swedish workforce was experiencing work-related disorders (SCB, 2005). Stress and mental strain were the most common causes of work-related disorders among women and the third most common among men, with 13 per cent of the women having stress related disorders and 7.4 per cent of the men. Stress in working life can be asso...

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Section: Cortisol and Fatigue/exhaustionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Studies Of the Hpa-axis In Response To Stressmentioning

confidence: 86%

Work stress and overtime work: Effects on cortisol, sleep, sleepiness and health

Dahlgren¹

2006

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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“…Cortisol levels rise in response to negative experiences, such as dental examinations (Benjamins, Asscheman, & Schuurs, 1992), insults (Cohen, Nisbett, Bowdle, & Schwarz, 1996), and experimentally induced pain (Dixon, Thorn, & Ward, 2004), neutral experiences, such as cognitive tasks (Bohnen, Houx, Nicolson, & Jolles, 1990;Bohnen, Nicolson, Sulon, & Jolles, 1991), and positive experiences, such as parachute jumping (Cook, Read, Walker, Harris, & Riad-Fahmy, 1992; for a review, see Kirschbaum & Hellhammer, 1994). Cortisol levels also rise in response to physical exercise, peaking somewhat after the conclusion of the stressor (20-30 min after in Cook et al, 1992).…”

Section: Physiological Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormonal Changes and Couple Bonding in Consensual Sadomasochistic Activity

Sagarin

Cutler

et al. 2008

Arch Sex Behav

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In two studies, 58 sadomasochistic (SM) practitioners provided physiological measures of salivary cortisol and testosterone (hormones associated with stress and dominance, respectively) and psychological measures of relationship closeness before and after participating in SM activities. Observed activities included bondage, sensory deprivation, a variety of painful and pleasurable stimulation, verbal and non-verbal communication, and expressions of caring and affection. During the scenes, cortisol rose significantly for participants who were bound, receiving stimulation, and following orders, but not for participants who were providing stimulation, orders, or structure. Female participants who were bound, receiving stimulation, and following orders also showed increases in testosterone during the scenes. Thereafter, participants who reported that their SM activities went well showed reductions in physiological stress (cortisol) and increases in relationship closeness. Among participants who reported that their SM activities went poorly, some showed decreases in relationship closeness whereas others showed increases. The increases in relationship closeness combined with the displays of caring and affection observed as part of the SM activities offer support for the modern view that SM, when performed consensually, has the potential to increase intimacy between participants.

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“…Increased cortisol levels have been related to a wide range of stressful life experiences and experimental conditions, including dental ex ams (Benjamins, Asscheman, & Schuurs, 1992), parachute jumping (Cook, Read, Walker, Harris, & Ria-Fahmy, 1992), separation effects in infants (Larson, Gunnar, & Hertsgaard, 1991), attention tests with mild electric shock (Muller, Budde, & Netter, 1992), and being held hostage in Iran for 444 days (Rahe, 1990). Martin and Dobbin (1988) found that subjects who have relatively low scores on sense-of-humor scales have a stronger negative relationship be tween daily hassles and S-IgA levels chan do other subjects.…”

Section: Cortisolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choral Singing, Performance Perception, and Immune System Changes in Salivary Immunoglobulin A and Cortisol

Beck¹,

Cesario²,

Yousefi³

et al. 2000

Music Perception

151

128

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In a naturalistic pre-post design, samples of saliva were collected from the members of a professional chorale during an early rehearsal (n = 31 ) , a late rehearsal (n = 34) and a public performance (n = 32) of Beethoven's Missa Solemllis. As measures of immune system response, mean levels of secretory immunoglobulin A increased significandy, as a proportion of whole protein, 150% during rehearsals and 240% during the perfor mance. Cortisol concentrations decreased significandy an average of 30% during rehearsals and increased 37% during performance. As measured through performance perception rating scales, a group of emotions and other experiential states that singers associated with professional singing were highly predictive of changes in level of secretory immunoglobulin A during the perfo rmance condition, but the results for the rehearsal con ditions were not significant. The best multiple regression model for per formance level of immunoglobulin A (p < .0015) included seven emo tional, cognitive, and evaluative variables generally associated with choral singing, including levels of mood before and during singing, stress, relax ation, feeling "high," detachment/engagement, and specifi c satisfaction with the immediate performance.Received May 27, 1999; accepted March 15, 2000.T HE purpose of this study was to determine whether choral singing is associated with physiological changes in the immune system. A pro fessional chorale was studied during a period in which they rehearsed and performed Beethoven's complex choral masterwork, Missa Solemnis. As described by its practitioners, the successful choral singing experience in public performance is a peak experience during which, in the face of per fo rmance challenges and anxiety, the performer has transcendent feelings

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Increased Salivary Cortisol in Severe Dental Anxiety

Cited by 38 publications

References 8 publications

Work stress and overtime work: Effects on cortisol, sleep, sleepiness and health

Work stress and overtime work: Effects on cortisol, sleep, sleepiness and health

Hormonal Changes and Couple Bonding in Consensual Sadomasochistic Activity

Choral Singing, Performance Perception, and Immune System Changes in Salivary Immunoglobulin A and Cortisol

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