The protein coding region of the E. coli DNA repair gene ada combined with the CaMV 35S promoter has been transferred to tobacco by means of Agrobacterium tumefaciens Ti plasmid. In transgenic plants having the ada gene in a sense orientation, detectable amounts of Ot-alkylguanine-DNA-alkyltransferase has been found whereas in non-transformed plants this activity is absent. Cell suspension cultures derived from the former plants showed lower sensitivity to the toxic (growth inhibiting) effects of the bifunctional alkylating agent 1-(2-chloroethyl)-l-nitroso-3-(aminomethyl-1,3-diazinylo)-methylurea compared with cell cultures derived from a control non-transformed plant or from transgenic plants harbouring the ada gene in an opposite, non-sense orientation.The E. coli DNA repair gene ada encodes enzyme Ot-alkyl-guanine -and alkylphospholriester-DNA-alkyltransferase (ATase) which removes simple alkyl groups from Ot-alkylguanine, O4-alkyl-thymine and from an SP stereoisomer of alkylphospho-triesters (Lindahl et al. 1988). The transfer of this gene into the genome of tobacco enables us to explain the role of resulting DNA lesions and their