Increased Medication Use in a Community Environmentally Exposed to Chemicals.

Bowler, Rosemarie M.; Gysens, Sabine; Hartney, Christopher; Ngo, Long; Rauch, Stephen S.; Midtling, John E.

doi:10.2486/indhealth.40.335

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Some environmental toxins, including those which are skin tumor promoters, are generally non-mutagenic and their exposure to skin can lead to epigenetic alterations that are manifested in to various dermatological conditions (18, 19). Such exposure to chronic extent may facilitate the process of skin carcinogenesis, provided that the skin epidermis has initiated cells which are characterized by the genetic alteration in tumor suppressor or proto-oncogenes (19).…”

Section: Potential Mechanisms Of Cosmeceutical Benefits Of Silibininmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmeceuticals and silibinin

Singh¹,

Agarwal²

2009

Clinics in Dermatology

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Cosmeceuticals are used for nourishing as well as improving the appearance of the skin, and are also documented as effective agents for treating various dermatologic conditions. Cosmeceutical preparations from herbal origin are most popular among consumers, as these agents are mostly nontoxic and possess strong antioxidant activity. Since oxidative stress is one of the major mechanisms for skin aging and dermatological conditions, the phytochemicals, such as silibinin, with proven antioxidant activity, could be useful for treating many dermatologic conditions as well as skin aging. Silibinin is a flavonolignan compound from milk thistle plant which possesses strong antioxidant activity and also modulates many molecular changes, caused by xenobiotics and ultraviolet radiation, to protect the skin. In this review we have provided an account of evidence generated from the laboratory studies to support the scientific rationale for the effective use of silibinin in cosmeceutical preparations.Cosmeceuticals of herbal origin are becoming more popular than conventional cosmetics. It is now widely understood that what we eat directly influences our metabolism and health. Since skin is the most important protective barrier in our body and directly exposed to the harsh environment, most of the deleterious effects of the environmental toxicants are visibly manifested on the skin, including that of aging. Many anti-aging agents in cosmeceuticals are consumed orally; however, these are also known to work topically for improving the skin health. Due to the increased popularity of cosmeceuticals, these agents are being specifically manufactured and marketed in different categories such as body care, face care, skin care, hair care and growth and sun protection cosmeceuticals. These preparations usually contain ingredients that can prevent or reverse cutaneous aging, which is mainly caused by highly reactive oxygen molecules damaging the skin structure (1,2). In this regard, botanical agents are getting wide-spread attention due to the fact that many antioxidant phytochemicals are evolved as a protective mechanism in plants to counter the oxidative stress (1-3). There is an upsurge in discovering novel and effective botanical antioxidants that can quench reactive

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Section: Potential Mechanisms Of Cosmeceutical Benefits Of Silibininmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmeceuticals and silibinin

Singh¹,

Agarwal²

2009

Clinics in Dermatology

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“…In 1994, Dayal et al 27 suggested that medication use might be a more objective and reliable measure of health compared with health outcome measures based only on symptomology. This argument was supported by Bowler et al 36 almost a decade later who stated that, although medication use is consistent with symptoms, it could also be used to track negative effects over a longer term than would solely symptombased studies. Pitard et al 37 reasoned that medication use could provide information in situations that did not involve medical care, hospital admission, or severe cases such as deaths.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

A Review of Medication Use as an Indicator of Human Health Impact in Environmentally Stressed Areas

Hollingworth

Kim

Jagals

2016

Annals of Global Health

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We reviewed from literature the feasibility of medication use as an indicator of health outcomes in environmentally stressed areas, especially where a paucity of typical epidemiological and other risk-based data are encountered. The majority of studies reported were about medication use as an indicator of adverse respiratory effects from air pollution in developed countries. Studies to a lesser extent pointed to medication use as indicator of health outcomes associated with other environmental health stressors such as water, noise pollution, and habitat conditions. The relationship between environmental stressors and medication use strongly suggests that medication use could be used to measure the impact of environmental stressors that otherwise could not be measured by epidemiological or other impact assessment studies, typically in settings where morbidity and mortality data might not be not accessible.

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“…Personal medical history has been shown to be a reliable measure of health outcomes and may also be considered as an indicator of SRHS [50,51]. As it was highly correlated with SRHS, it is very likely that its inclusion in the models as a confounding factor would have resulted in over-adjustment.…”

Section: Confounding Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-rated health status in relation to aircraft noise exposure, noise annoyance or noise sensitivity: the results of a cross-sectional study in France

et al. 2021

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Background Noise is a major public health issue because of its negative impacts on health, including annoyance, sleep disturbance, cardiovascular diseases and altered cognitive performance among children. Self-rated health status (SRHS) can be considered as a reliable indicator of quality of life, morbidity and mortality but few studies have considered SRHS in relation to aircraft noise exposure. The present study aims to investigate the association between this exposure and SRHS of people living near airports in France, and to consider the mediating or moderating role of aircraft noise annoyance and noise sensitivity in this association. Methods This cross-sectional study included 1242 participants older than 18 and living near three major French airports. Information on their SRHS, aircraft noise annoyance, noise sensitivity and demographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle factors was collected during a face-to-face interview performed at home. Outdoor aircraft noise levels were estimated for each participant’s home address using noise maps. Logistic regressions with adjustment for potential confounders were used. The moderating and mediating effects of aircraft noise annoyance and noise sensitivity were investigated following Baron and Kenny’s recommendations. Results A significant association was shown between aircraft noise levels and a fair/poor SRHS, only in men (OR=1.55, 95%CI 1.01–2.39, for a 10 dB(A)-increase in Lden). This relationship was higher in men highly sensitive to noise (OR=3.26, 95%CI 1.19–8.88, for a 10 dB(A)-increase in Lden). Noise sensitivity was associated with a fair/poor SRHS significantly in women (OR=1.74, 95%CI 1.12–2.68) and at the borderline of significance in men (OR=1.68, 95% CI 0.94–3.00), whereas aircraft noise annoyance was associated with a fair/poor SRHS only in men (OR=1.81, 95%CI 1.00–3.27). Conclusion The present study confirms findings in the small number of available studies to date suggesting a positive association between aircraft noise levels and a fair/poor SRHS. These results also support the hypothesis that noise sensitivity would moderate this association. However, a mediating effect of annoyance cannot be excluded.

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Increased Medication Use in a Community Environmentally Exposed to Chemicals.

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Cosmeceuticals and silibinin

Cosmeceuticals and silibinin

A Review of Medication Use as an Indicator of Human Health Impact in Environmentally Stressed Areas

Self-rated health status in relation to aircraft noise exposure, noise annoyance or noise sensitivity: the results of a cross-sectional study in France

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