Increased levels of serum tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 but not metalloproteinase-3 in atopic dermatitis

Abstract

SUMMARY Matrix metalloproteinases and their specific inhibitors, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), contribute to inflammation‐induced tissue destruction and subsequent remodeling for maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Since the production of these enzymes and their inhibitors is regulated by mediators such as proinflammatory cytokines and growth factors, elevated levels of serum TIMPs and/or MMPs have been documented in patients with several inflammatory disorders. In this study, we examined the role of TIMPs and MMPs in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD) by evaluating the serum levels of TIMP‐1 and MMP‐3 in 40 patients with AD and 20 control subjects by ELISA. The serum TIMP‐1 levels were significantly higher in AD patients in exacerbation status than in nonatopic subjects, whereas serum MMP‐3 levels were not significantly different between them. As a result, AD patients revealed significantly elevated TIMP‐1/MMP‐3 ratios. The levels of serum TIMP‐1 were significantly reduced in AD patients following conventional treatments. Significantly higher values of peripheral eosinophil counts, serum levels of IgE and lactate dehydrogenase, eruption score, and eruption area were noted in the AD patients with elevated TIMP‐1 levels when compared with those with normal values. Moreover, the points of chronic eruptions such as lichenification and prurigo were significantly higher in the patients with elevated TIMP‐1 levels than those with normal TIMP‐1, while those of acute lesions such as oozy/microvesicles and oedema were not different between these groups. Serum TIMP‐1 level may be a useful marker to estimate the long‐term disease activity of AD.

1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranose increases a population of T regulatory cells and inhibits IgE production in ovalbumin-sensitized mice

“…The serum TIMP-1 levels were significantly higher in atopic dermatitis patients in exacerbation status than in non-atopic subjects [28]. Significantly higher values of serum levels of IgE were noted in atopic dermatitis patients with elevated TIMP-1 levels when compared with those with normal values [28]. On the other hand, PGG treatment induced expression of IGFBP-3 and IL-10.…”

“…Genetic variation at the eotaxin locus has been correlated with serum total IgE [27]. The serum TIMP-1 levels were significantly higher in atopic dermatitis patients in exacerbation status than in non-atopic subjects [28]. Significantly higher values of serum levels of IgE were noted in atopic dermatitis patients with elevated TIMP-1 levels when compared with those with normal values [28].…”

The role of extracellular matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in allergic diseases

“…In contrast, Katoch et al found a higher serum level of TIMP-1, but not MMP-3, in a group of patients with exacerbated atopic dermatitis. Additionally, they observed that the level of TIMP-1 is significantly reduced following the treatment of exacerbation [29].…”

Advances in Assessing the Severity of Atopic Dermatitis

“…Moreover, the patients with chronic eruptions (lichenification and prurigo) had significantly higher TIMP-1 levels, while those with acute lesions were not correlated with TIMP-1 level in the serum. The authors gave a hypothesis that serum TIMP-1 level may be a useful marker to estimate the long-term disease activity of AD (Katoh et al, 2002). Human tissue kallikreins, or kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs), are the largest family of trypsin-or chymotrypsin-like serine proteases (SPs).…”