Lymphocytes Th17 and other types of immune system cells produce IL17. By induction of cytokines and chemokines, the IL17 cytokine is involved in mechanisms of allergic reaction with participation of neutrophil granulocytes. It affects activation, recruitment, and migration of neutrophils to the tissues, regulating inflammatory reaction intensity. Excited neutrophils secrete inter alia elastase and reactive oxygen species (ROS)--significant mediators of inflammation process responsible for tissues damage.The aim of the study was to evaluate the concentrations of serum interleukin 17A, serum neutrophil elastase, and ROS production by neutrophils in patients with food allergy.The study included 30 patients with food allergy diagnosed based on interview, clinical symptoms, positive SPT, placebo controlled double-blind oral provocation trial, and the presence of asIgE in blood serum against selected food allergens using fluoro-immuno-enzymatic method FEIA UNICap 100. The control group consisted of 10 healthy volunteers. The concentrations of IL17A were determined in all patients using ELISA method with eBioscience kits, and elastase using BenderMed Systems kits. Chemiluminescence of non-stimulated neutrophils was evaluated using luminol-dependent kinetic method for 40 min on Luminoskan (Labsystems luminometer).The results of serum IL-17A concentrations and the values of chemiluminescence obtained by non-activated neutrophils, as well as elastase concentrations, were higher in patients with food allergic hypersensitivity compared to healthy volunteers.This study demonstrates a significance of IL-17A and activated neutrophil granulocytes in the course of diseases with food allergic hypersensitivity.

IntroductionAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis, often with a concomitant allergy. The ImmunoCAP ISAC (Immuno Solid-Phase Allergen Chip) test is a novel method to determine the allergenic phenotype in a given patient.AimIn this study, we used the ImmunoCAP ISAC test to analyze allergic phenotypes in adult patients with AD.Material and methodsThe study included 19 adult patients with AD. The severity of AD was assessed using SCORAD index. Serum concentrations of total IgE were determined by means fluoro-enzyme immunoassay (FEIA). The levels of asIgE were measured with the ImmunoCAP ISAC kits.ResultsPositive results of the ISAC test were documented in 84.2% of the study subjects. All patients synthesized asIgE against species-specific respiratory allergens; major components of animal allergens (57.87%), tree pollen allergens (47.3%), grass pollen allergens (42.1%), dust mite allergens (26.3%) and major allergen of mugwort (26.3%). 47.3% of the subjects were sensitive to cross-reactive allergenic components, most often proteins of the lipocalin family (57.8%), followed by PR-10 (26.3%), PR-14 (21%) and PR-5 proteins (21%). asIgE against species-specific allergens were found in 10.5% of the study subjects. No statistically significant relationships were observed between the severity or duration of AD and the prevalence and levels of asIgE against the allergens included in the ISAC panel. However, duration of AD correlated significantly with the serum concentration of total IgE.ConclusionsThe ISAC test is suitable for determination of the allergenic phenotype in a given patient, and as such has an unquestioned diagnostic and therapeutic value.

Aim of the studyThe existence of a correlation between allergy disorders and cancer diseases has been confirmed by several epidemiological studies. Although the molecular mechanism involved in this phenomenon remains unknown, there are data indicating that certain cytokines, engaged in allergic processes, have antineoplastic activities. The aim of the present study was to explore the association between advanced breast cancer and allergic state on the molecular level.Material and methodsWe determined and compared the mRNA and protein expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-4, IL-6, and interferon-γ (IFN-γ), cytokines known for antitumor properties, in the blood of advanced breast cancer patients and individuals with allergic diseases related to type 2 response. In addition, we performed an in vitro assay of reactivity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells after exogenous antigen stimulation. As a preliminary to molecular analysis we conducted a questionnaire study concerning the incidence of allergy among breast cancer patients and healthy subjects without malignancy.ResultsThe results of the survey study revealed a negative relation between breast cancer and allergy prevalence. Subsequent molecular analysis, however, did not show statistically significant differences in cytokines mRNA and protein expression levels between allergic patients and those with malignancy. The in vitro reactivity test also did not reveal marked differences between IL-1β, IL-4 and IL-6 production after PBMC triggering with exogenous antigen.ConclusionsWe concluded that the studied cytokines (IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, and IFN-γ) are not engaged in breast cancer-allergy negative relation.

From a botanical point of view, a nut is a kind of dry, closed, unbroken, single-seeded fruit, which has a ligneous pericarp made up of several fruiting bodies surrounded by one free semen. The term “allergy to tree nuts” includes allergies to almonds, Brazil nuts, cashew nuts, hazelnuts, chestnuts, macadamia nuts, pecan nuts, pistachios and walnuts. All tree nuts belong to five orders of plants: Rosaceae, Fagales, Sapindales, Ericales and Proteales. Allergies to tree nuts usually start in childhood, but unlike other food allergies, they rarely fade away and generally persist throughout life. They are one of the main causes of serious allergic reactions ending in death in both children and adults. The epidemiology of allergy to nuts is variable and depends mainly on the geographical zone and eating habits. In northern Europe, hazelnut allergy is prevalent, whereas in the USA the most common is allergy to peanuts and, when taking tree nuts into consideration, to walnuts. The diagnosis of allergies to nuts is difficult and requires the use of the most modern research tools including molecular diagnostic techniques.