Increased Emergence of Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Campylobacter jejuni in Biofilm

Anti-Campylobacteractivity of resveratrol and an extract from waste Pinot noir grape skins and seeds, and resistance ofCamp. jejuniplanktonic and biofilm cells, mediated via the CmeABC efflux pump

“…jejuni biofilms. Considering the several mechanisms that have been described as active in antibiotic resistance, including target mutations, antibiotic modification/inactivation and drug efflux (Lin et al 2002;Guo et al 2010), few studies have investigated the resistance mechanisms of biofilm cells to antibiotics (Mah 2012;Bae and Jeon 2013;Soto 2013). To the best of our knowledge, we present here the first report that the CmeABC system can influence the resistance to GSS extract and resveratrol in biofilm cells.…”

“…; Guo et al . ), few studies have investigated the resistance mechanisms of biofilm cells to antibiotics (Mah ; Bae and Jeon ; Soto ). To the best of our knowledge, we present here the first report that the CmeABC system can influence the resistance to GSS extract and resveratrol in biofilm cells.…”

Glucose Metabolism via the Entner-Doudoroff Pathway in Campylobacter: A Rare Trait that Enhances Survival and Promotes Biofilm Formation in Some Isolates

“…Finally, there is overwhelming evidence showing that biofilm production is of prime importance in many aspects of the biology of Campylobacter isolates, particularly protection against environmental stress (e.g., Svensson et al, 2009; Haddock et al, 2010; Bae and Jeon, 2013; Pascoe et al, 2015) and that it is affected by multiple external factors such as medium composition, osmolarity and oxygen availability (Reeser et al, 2007; Reuter et al, 2010). Host signals also play a role; a recent study showed that C. jejuni 11168 can produce a glucan biofilm composed of α-dextran as a specific response to the presence of host pancreatic amylase (Jowiya et al, 2015).…”

Enhanced Transmission of Antibiotic Resistance in Campylobacter jejuni Biofilms by Natural Transformation

“…After washing the biofilms with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) three times, fresh MH broth (1 ml) was added to each well containing biofilms. Since C. jejuni biofilms continuously shed bacterial cells (14), this method allows for the growth of C. jejuni cells that are released from biofilms without disruption of the biofilms (13). After 24 h of incubation, supernatants were collected to measure the gene transfer frequency in C. jejuni cells that were released from the biofilms.…”

“…To determine the transfer frequency of antibiotic resistance genes by natural transformation, we constructed two C. jejuni strains by integrating the aphA3 and cat genes, which confer resistance to kanamycin and chloramphenicol, respectively, into a noncoding region of the 23S rRNA gene clusters on the chromosome of C. jejuni, as described previously (10,11). C. jejuni biofilms were prepared as described in our previous studies (12,13). Briefly, overnight cultures of kanamycinresistant (Kan r ) and chloramphenicol-resistant (Cm r ) C. jejuni strains on MH agar plates were resuspended in MH broth to an optical density at 600 nm (OD 600 ) of 0.07.…”