Incidence of gastrointestinal nematodes in goats in and around Mhow, Madhya Pradesh

Shakya, Poonam; Jayraw, A. K.; Jamra, Nirmala; Agrawal, Vivek; Jatav, G. P.

doi:10.1007/s12639-017-0919-1

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Based on the observation conducted in the two villages during the rainy and dry seasons, GI parasite infections in thin-tailed sheep were higher than those in Wonosobo sheep in the two villages. The infection rate in the rainy season was observed to be higher in this study than that in the dry season, agreeing with the results reported by Velusamy et al [33], Das et al [34], Shakya et al [35], Kanojiya et al [36], Gul and Hidayatullah [37], and Dixit et al [38]. Given that Wonosobo sheep have been raised in Indonesia since 1957, it is expected that they have adapted to the region.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Prevalence of gastrointestinal worms in Wonosobo and thin-tailed sheep on the slope of Mount Sumbing, Central Java, Indonesia

2019

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Aim: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) worms in Wonosobo and thin-tailed sheep from the slope of Mount Sumbing. Materials and Methods: Fecal samples (n=305) were collected directly from the rectum of Wonosobo and thin-tailed sheep during the dry and rainy seasons in Wonosobo Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia. The presence of GI helminth eggs in the fecal samples was assessed using the modified McMaster egg counting technique. The identification of the eggs or oocysts was done on the basis of their morphology and size. Results: The highest prevalence of GI worms was observed in male thin-tailed sheep (76.47%) during the rainy season, whereas the lowest prevalence was observed in female Wonosobo sheep (47.36%) during the dry season. The types of GI nematodes observed in these two types of sheep were Haemonchus contortus, Ostertagia spp., Trichostrongylus spp., Bunostomum spp., Trichuris spp., and Moniezia spp. The GI worms with the highest prevalence were of Haemonchus spp. and were observed in male thin-tailed sheep. The prevalences of the two types of sheep assessed at an altitude of 1150 m above sea level were higher than those observed at the altitude of 1586 m. The prevalence of clinical and sub-clinical parasites infestation in Wonosobo and thin-tailed sheep in Kwadungan village was significantly different (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study showed that two types of local sheep on the slope of Mount Sumbing are infected with various GI worms during the dry and rainy seasons. The highest prevalence of GI worms was found in thin-tailed sheep at an altitude of 1150 m above sea level during the rainy season, with H. contortus being the most prevalent GI parasites.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Prevalence of gastrointestinal worms in Wonosobo and thin-tailed sheep on the slope of Mount Sumbing, Central Java, Indonesia

2019

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“…Many LMICs have extreme or highly variable climates, including monsoons, tropical humidity, and severe heat. During monsoon seasons, heavy rainfalls combined with inadequate shelter promote hoof disease and infections (Chakrabarti & Kumar, 2016), parasites and other disease vectors (Dappawar et al, 2018;Khajuria et al, 2013;Muraleedharan, 2005;Shakya et al, 2017), and mastitis in cattle and buffalo (Khan et al, 2015;Singh et al, 2021). Condition issues are often exacerbated in commercial and exotic breeds, which have been bred for temperate or highly controlled environments, and high-input production systems (Nielsen & Zhao, 2012).…”

Section: Animal Welfare Priorities In Lmics and The Potential For Gen...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing a "good life" for livestock: Could gene editing improve farm animal welfare in low- and middle- income countries?

Buddle,

Ankeny,

Paxton

2023

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Gene editing techniques have provided humans with abilities to alter the plants and animals on which we depend for food, fibre, and various services. The technology has advanced rapidly in the past decade, allowing breeders to alter specific genetic traits with minimal impact on others (Fahrenkrug et al., 2010). There are countless potential applications for gene editing in animal agriculture, from productivity gains to altering product characteristics (Perisse et al., 2021). However, a key focus has been the potential to improve animal welfare by better adapting livestock to their environment including in response to climate change (Karavolias et al., 2021).Population growth, urbanisation, and increased incomes, have increased the global demand for animal products, with much of this demand coming from low-and middle-income countries (hereafter LMICs), prompting investment and intensification in their domestic livestock sectors (Parlasca & Qaim, 2022;von Keyserlingk & Hötzel, 2015). LMICs are now some of the largest producers of animal food products, including milk, eggs, and cattle, substantially contributing to national economies and household incomes (Herrero et al., 2013). However the importance of animal welfare both as an inherent value and a means of sustaining production and improving public health is not widely recognised in some of these locales (Parlasca et al., 2023;Qekwana et al., 2019). Animal welfare regulation and access to veterinary care are patchy in many LMICs (Qekwana et al., 2019). It is therefore reasonable to ask whether animal welfare could be improved by adapting livestock to these production environments including through use of gene editing.In the development of this Guidance Memo, we set out to explore whether gene editing could improve farm animal welfare in LMICs. Despite numerous relevant applications of gene editing currently being explored in research settings, and limited regulatory, cultural, or religious impediments to its use in LMICs, we found that the prevalence of less vertically-integrated, industrialised systems and nonstandardised species in these countries, together with likely high cost, lack of investment in gene editing in LMICs by biotech companies and NGOs, and lack of local biotech resources, makes its use unlikely in the short-to medium-term in LMIC livestock production systems particularly for traits associated with animal welfare.In this Guidance Memo, we outline the potential uses of gene editing in livestock production for animal welfare purposes. Based on in-depth literature analysis of scholarly articles, policy documents, and grey literature, we explore how proposed uses of gene editing in livestock align (or fail to align) with animal welfare priorities in LMICs. Based on these considerations, we provide a summary of where gene editing might have potential for benefit in terms of livestock animal welfare in LMICs and raise a series of cautionary notes about the likelihood of its widespread deployment in these locales at least in the short-and medium-run.

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“…India accounts for the largest livestock sector in the world, with goat farming contributing to 26.40% of the sector and thus playing a key role in the rural economy [1]. Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders are one of the important challenges affecting the profitability of goat husbandry practices in most countries, including India [2]. They lead to high mortality and morbidity rates, suboptimal productivity, increased sensitivity to diseases, banning of carcasses and organs, poor general health conditions, retarded growth, and high costs associated with preventive measures and veterinary aids [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Etiopathological and hematobiochemical profiles in goats with gastrointestinal disorders

et al. 2021

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Background and Aim: Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders in small ruminants limit production efficiency and productivity growth in the livestock sector, thereby directly preventing farmers from augmenting their income. This study aimed to provide detailed insight into the etiology, hematobiochemical parameters, and epidemiological risk factors of GI disorders in goats and to determine the pathology associated with the disorders. Materials and Methods: Over the period of 2018-2019, 500 goats in and around Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, were screened for GI disorders based on clinical signs. Blood samples from the control (n=10) and treatment (n=25) groups were collected for both hematological and serum biochemical alterations. Fecal examinations (n=220) were conducted for parasitic, bacterial, and virological assessments. Detailed necropsy and histopathological evaluations were conducted on 27 goats. Results: The GI disorder prevalence rate and mortality rate among the 500 goats analyzed were 44.4% and 12.27%, respectively. Chi-square analysis showed a significantly higher occurrence of GI disorders among the goats that were between 6 months and 1.5 years old (58.72%), were of the Ganjam breed (45.49%), had a poor body condition (71.11%), and were housed with an earthen floor (55.22%). The most common etiological risk factor observed was parasitic infection (65.45%), followed by bacterial (18.18%) and mixed infection (9.54%). Blood analysis showed neutrophilia and eosinophilia in infected goats, in addition to anemia; significant decreases in total protein, globulin, albumin, and glucose levels; and significant increases in aspartate transaminase and alanine aminotransferase levels. The major histopathological findings were infiltration of mononuclear cells and desquamation of the intestinal and ruminal mucosa. Conclusion: Stakeholders should focus not only on parasitic infections and other important etiological risk factors for GI disorders in goats but also on proper farming management practices to help enhance the income of farmers. The hematobiochemical alterations and pathomorphological changes reported in this study can be used by field veterinarians as guidelines for clinical evaluation and disease severity assessment.

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Incidence of gastrointestinal nematodes in goats in and around Mhow, Madhya Pradesh

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

Prevalence of gastrointestinal worms in Wonosobo and thin-tailed sheep on the slope of Mount Sumbing, Central Java, Indonesia

Prevalence of gastrointestinal worms in Wonosobo and thin-tailed sheep on the slope of Mount Sumbing, Central Java, Indonesia

Designing a "good life" for livestock: Could gene editing improve farm animal welfare in low- and middle- income countries?

Etiopathological and hematobiochemical profiles in goats with gastrointestinal disorders

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