Incidence of different types of dystocia in different seasons of the year and parities in Iranian Holstein dairy cows

Abstract

Dystocia (DYS) is an important problem in Holstein cattle and imposes important economic losses on cattle producers. The etiologies and types of DYS are various and different factors can influence its incidence. In the present study, incidence of different types of dystocia was investigated in different seasons and parities in Holstein cows. One hundred and eighty two primi-and multiparous cows with DYS were included in the study. The results showed significantly more calf births in anterior presentation to first-calf heifers compared to those born to cows in parities 2-3 or ≥ 4 (P≤0.05). There was no significant difference in the number of calves born in anterior presentation between cows in parities 2-3 and those in parities ≥4 (P>0.05). Also, significantly more dystocia cases were encountered in first-calf heifers compared with those in cows in parities 2-3 or ≥4 (P≤0.05) but there was no significant difference in this regard between the cows in parities 2-3 and those in parities ≥4 (P>0.05). In addition, the results revealed that DYS due to foetopelvic disproportion (FPD) mostly affected the primiparous cows and that the multiparous cows were mostly affected by dystocia due to twin birth (TB), uterine inertia (UI) and uterine torsion (UT). Moreover, the results showed that significantly most DYS cases occurred during winter compared with spring, summer or autumn (P≤0.05), of which the majority was due to FPD. On the other hand, the least DYS cases were observed in summer months, of which the majority was again due to FPD. Finally, there was no significant difference in the overall incidence of dystocia between spring, summer and autumn (P>0.05).

Perspectivas e desafios para a produção de leite e carne no cerrado

“…Na última década, trabalhos como o de Mee (2012); Goli (2018) têm mensurado incidência de partos distócicos em rebanhos leiteiros, embora exista certa dificuldade ocasionada pelo grande número de fatores que podem influenciar e causar variação no número de casos em um determinado país, região ou rebanho leiteiro.…”

“…Esta situação prolonga o período de gestação, incrementando o risco de distocia (COLBURN et al, 1997;JOHANSON;BERGER, 2003). Apesar disso, Goli (2018) não verificou diferença na incidência de distocia entre as estações da primavera, outono e inverno em vacas leiteiras da raça Holandês.…”

Factors Affecting Twinning and the Impacts of Twinning in Cattle

“…Fluktuasi kelahiran kembar antar tahun menggambarkan perbedaan lingkungan suhu udara (temperatur), kelembaban yang mempengaruhi baik kuantitas dan kualitas pakan, konsumsi pakan serta reproduksi (Goli 2017). Adanya tren peningkatan kelahiran kembar pada sapi terjadi seperti yang ditunjukkan oleh beberapa laporan dengan peningkatan 0,7-5% (Sawa et al 2015;Fricke 2015;Moioli et al 2017).…”

“…Kejadian distochia pada induk bunting kembar disebabkan oleh posisi sungsang salah satu atau kedua anak kembar, besarnya ukuran anak dan total berat anak (Saini et al 2015;Goli 2017). Namun Mekonnen and Moges, (2016) menyebutkan bahwa distochia pada kelahiran kembar terutama disebabkan oleh posisi sungsang menjelang kelahiran.…”

“…Terjadinya penurunan produksi susu pada induk yang beranak kembar disebabkan oleh penurunan konsumsi pakan setelah mengalami distochia, retensi plasenta atau kematian anak (Goli 2017). Produksi susu turun sebesar 13,7% akibat kematian karena distochia, kematian anak, keguguran sehingga menurunkan keuntungan sebesar $74-108/per ekor (Kusaka et al 2017).…”