Incidence d'infections liées à Escherichia coli producteur de bêta lactamase à spectre élargi au Centre hospitalier départemental du Zou et Collines au Bénin

Ahoyo, Angèle; Baba-Moussa, Lamine; Anago, Ahoefa E.; Avogbe, Patrice Hodonou; Missihoun, Tagnon D.; Loko, Frédéric; Prévost, Gilles; Sanni, Ambaliou; Dramane, K.

doi:10.1016/j.medmal.2007.03.004

Cited by 38 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Very similar results have been previously found in Cameroon from outpatients and inpatients [24] and in other countries: Morocco [25], Benin [14], Tanzania [15], Ethiopia [26], England [27] and Canada [28]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Proportion of extended-spectrum ß-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in community setting in Ngaoundere, Cameroon

et al. 2012

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BackgroundThere is no information regarding the resistance mechanisms of extended-spectrum ß-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in community setting in Cameroon. The current study aimed to determine the proportion of ESBLs in Enterobacteriaceae isolated in the community and to analyse some risk factors associated with ESBL carriage.MethodsFaecal samples were collected from 208 different outpatients and 150 healthy student volunteers between 3 January and 3 April 2009. Enterobacterial isolates resistant to third-generation cephalosporins were screened for ESBL production by the double-disk synergy test. Presumptive ESBL-producing isolates with positive synergy test were identified by Mass Spectrometry using the BioTyper MALDI-TOF. For such ESBL positive isolates, antibiotic susceptibility was determined by the Vitek 2 system. PCR and sequencing were performed for the detection of different types of ESBL genes in presumptive ESBL-producing isolates. Statistical methods were used for the univariate calculation of risk factors.ResultsDuring the study period, a total of 358 faecal samples were analysed; 58 of such samples (16%) showed an ESBL phenotype and were confirmed by PCR. The proportion of ESBL producers in faecal carriage was statistically different between outpatients and student volunteers (23.1% vs. 6.7%: p < 0.000). According to a univariate analysis, previous use of antibiotics (ciprofloxacin) appeared to be a risk factor for ESBL carriage (p < 0.05).Escherichia coli was the species most frequently isolated among the ESBL producers in outpatients (66.7%) and student volunteers (90%). Isolates showed additional resistance to gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole but none of them was resistant to temocillin, amikacin or meropenem. Most of the strains (97%) produced a CTX-M group 1 enzymes [CTX-M-15 (98%) or CTX-M-1 (2%)] and the remaining strains produced SHV-12 enzyme (3%).ConclusionsThe use of drugs such as amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole does not seem appropriate for empirical treatment because of emerging resistance. The implementation in Cameroon or in other African countries of methods of screening ESBL-producing organisms in routine laboratories is of great importance in order for us to offer patients appropriate treatment and for infection control efforts to succeed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Proportion of extended-spectrum ß-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in community setting in Ngaoundere, Cameroon

et al. 2012

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“…Imipenem shows the lowest resistance (9.8%) and is in agreement with that obtained by Ahoyo et al [36] and Toudji et al [41]. Imipenem exerts a total inhibition on GNB that are resistant to many antibiotics such as cefotaxim, ceftriaxone, aztreonam and cefoxitin [47].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The five most important isolated species in this study were Klebsiella pneumonia, Acinetobacter spp., P. aeruginosa, E. coli and E. cloacae. The 4.40% recorded for E. coli appear lower than the 11% previously obtained by Ahoyo et al [36] in Benin. This observation suggest an improvement in the management of E. coli infections in the country.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

Antibiotic Resistance and Production of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamases by Clinical Gram-negative Bacteria in Benin

Moussé

Sina

Mama-Sirou

et al. 2019

JAMB

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Aims: The aim of this work was to determine the resistance profile and to investigate the production of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) by clinically relevant Gram-negative Bacillus (GNB) strains. Methodology: About 191 strains were isolated from 1823 samples collected at the HKM National Hospital and University Center of Cotonou (Benin). Species identification was done with the Api 20th gallery. Two methods were used to search for β-lactamase production: the liquid acidimetric test for penicillinases and double halo method for ESBL. The susceptibility to conventional antibiotic molecules was investigated by the disk diffusion method. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was used to identify blaTEM and blaSHV genes in the β-lactamases. Results: A prevalence of 10.48% of GNB was recorded. Among the isolated strains, 51.31% came from samples collected from in-patients and 48.69% from out-patients’ samples. The most contaminated samples were urine (43.98%), pus (34.58%) and blood (9.42%). Majority of the isolated species included: Klebsiella pneumoniae (28.27%), Acinetobacter spp. (18.32%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.72%), Escherichia coli (14.15%) and Enterobacter cloacae (12.04%). More than the half (57.07%) of the strains produced penicillinases; whereas 16.76% were ESBL-producers and these occurred only among Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli and Enterobacter agglomerans. The ESBL-producing strains were cross-resistant to beta-lactams. Imipenem is the most effective antibiotic on all isolated strains. ESBL-producing GNB strains possessed both the blaTEM gene and the blaSHV gene in a proportion of 25%; 37.5% of the strains had only the blaTEM gene and 12.5% of the strains had only the blaSHV gene. Conclusion: ESBL-producing strains of K. pneumonia in the hospital environment were the major carriers of blaTEM and blaSHV. Given this situation, it is necessary to continue research to identify resistance genes.

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“…However, several reports in the literature of the occurrence of HAI outbreaks and hospital-wide prevalence surveys have revealed rates ranging between 2.5% and 14.8% [8,9]. Data on causative pathogens are available from a few studies only and highlight the importance of Gram-negative rods, particularly in surgical site infections [10,11], and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) responsible for bloodstream infection [11]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of nosocomial infections and anti-infective therapy in Benin: results of the first nationwide survey in 2012

Ahoyo

Bankolè

Adéoti³

et al. 2014

Antimicrob Resist Infect Control

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BackgroundData on nosocomial infections in hospitals in low-income countries are scarce and often inconsistent. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of nosocomial infections and antimicrobial drug use in Benin hospitals.MethodsAll hospitals were invited to participate in the first national point prevalence study conducted between 10–26 October 2012 using the protocol developed by the “Hospitals in Europe Link for Infection Control through Surveillance” (HELICS) project. Infection prevalence rates and the proportion of infected patients and exposure to antimicrobials were assessed.ResultsOverall, 87% (39/45) of hospitals participated. Of 3130 inpatients surveyed, 972 nosocomial infections were identified among 597 patients, representing an overall prevalence of infected patients of 19.1%. The most frequent infections were related to the urinary tract (48.2%), vascular catheter use (34.7%), and surgical site (24.7%). 64.6% of patients surveyed were treated with antibiotics, including a significant proportion (30%) of non-infected patients and a high proportion of self-medication (40.8%). Resistance of leading nosocomial pathogens to antimicrobials included methicillin-resistance (52.5%) among Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin resistance among enterococci (67.5%), cefotaxime resistance among Escherichia coli (67.6%), and ceftazidime resistance among Acinetobacter baumannii (100%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (68.2%).ConclusionsBenin has high nosocomial infection rates and calls for the implementation of new national infection control policies. Patient safety education and training of all individuals involved in healthcare delivery will be critical to highlight awareness of the burden of disease. The high use of antimicrobials needs to be addressed, particularly their indiscriminate use in non-infected patients.

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Incidence d'infections liées à Escherichia coli producteur de bêta lactamase à spectre élargi au Centre hospitalier départemental du Zou et Collines au Bénin

Cited by 38 publications

References 25 publications

Proportion of extended-spectrum ß-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in community setting in Ngaoundere, Cameroon

Proportion of extended-spectrum ß-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in community setting in Ngaoundere, Cameroon

Antibiotic Resistance and Production of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamases by Clinical Gram-negative Bacteria in Benin

Prevalence of nosocomial infections and anti-infective therapy in Benin: results of the first nationwide survey in 2012

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