Inability of X-Rays to Decompose Water

Fricke, Hugo; Brownscombe, E.R.

doi:10.1103/physrev.44.240.2

Cited by 27 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…It is probable that all substances of organic nature, and inorganic substances which are less inert than, for example, NaCl, will produce this effect. Some investigators of radiation effects on substances other than enzymes have made similar observations [Stenstrom & Lohmann, 1931;1933;Fricke & Brownscombe, 1933;Fricke & Washburn, 1932]. This inhibition of the radiation effect by the presence of other substances, i.e.…”

supporting

confidence: 50%

The effect of X-rays on the conjugated protein d-amino-acid oxidase

Dale

1942

Biochemical Journal

111

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In a previous paper [Dale, 1940] the effect of X-rays on crystalline carboxypeptidase and polyphenol oxidase was investigated mainly in regard to the radiosensitivity of these enzymes as a function of their concentration. One of the findings of this investigation was that enzymes are affected by reasonably small doses of X-radiation. Since their high chemical activity allows the measurement of radiation effects on them in concentrations as low as those in which they occur in living matter, they are well suited for a more differentiating examination of their radiosensitivity at such concentrations.The work of Theorell [1937] and Warburg & Christian [1938] has established that a number of enzymes consist of conjugated proteins, and' are separable into a chemical compound of a relatively low molecular weight (prosthetic group sometimes called. coenzyme) and a highly specific protein, both of which are necessary for enzymic activity. There is, therefore, an opportunity of measuring the effect of radiation'on these components singly, together, and in combination with the substrate and other compounds.oc-Amino-acid oxidase [Krebs, 1933, 1, 2;1935], as one of those enzymes whose prosthetic group and specific protein can be separated, has been chosen as the subject of this investigation. Also its prosthetic group, alloxazinadeninedinucleotide, is of nucleotide nature and this forms a first step to the study of the radiosensitivity of nuciear substance on which attention has been focused for a long time.

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confidence: 50%

The effect of X-rays on the conjugated protein d-amino-acid oxidase

Dale

1942

Biochemical Journal

111

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“…Figure 3 shows that pure water irradiated by X-rays gives no continuous decomposition since the dosage curves rapidly approach zero slope; but the experimental conditions must be closely defined. In the experiments of Figure 3, completely filled and sealed irradiation cells were used and no appreciable hydrogen or oxygen appeared (11,17). In experiments containing a large gas phase, no peroxide was found in the liquid phase (18) although hydrogen was found in the gas phase (19).…”

Section: Wafer Purification and Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the radiation chemistry of aqueous solutions

Hart¹

1959

J. Chem. Educ.

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Aqueous radiation chemistry began when dissolved radium salts were found to decompose water. Later it was found that chemical reactions took place in water and aqueous solutions irradiated only by 3-and y-rays of radium. From these modest beginnings, the current prominence of this branch of chemistry has gradually developed. Three periods are: 1900-25, 1925-40, and 1940 to the present. Except for some basic observations little progress was made in the first quarter century. Consequently we shall deal only briefly with this era. But because many basic principles were established in the sometimes overlooked second era, we shall discuss this period at some length; and then because we are familiar with prodigious post-war developments, we shall treat these only lightly.Early Period Radium salts and radon decompose aqueous solutions liberating hydrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen peroxide. These effects were described by Geisel (1) in 1902 and were later studied by Cameron and Ramsey (£), Debierne (3), Kernbaum (4), LTsher (3), and Duane and Scheuer (3). The decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen was regarded as an electrolysis because it was known that an ionized gas conducts an electric current and that an electric current passing through a solution liberates hydrogen and oxygen at the electrodes. These radiation effects are due principally to the release of a-particles from the radium.Presented as part of (Lie Lind Jubilee Symposium on Development of Radiation Chemistry, sponsored jointly by the Divisions of Chemical Education and Physical Chemistry at tLie 135th

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