In Vivo Solubility of 85Kr in Guinea Pig Tissues

Kirk, William P.; Parish, Patricia W.; Morken, Donald A.

doi:10.1097/00004032-197503000-00009

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“… * Nussbaum and Hursh, 1957, 1958; Conn, 1961; Kirk et al., 1975; Bell and Leach, 1982; Peterman and Perkins, 1988; NAS, 1999; Khursheed, 2000. † Values assigned by Bernard and Snyder (1975).…”

Section: Bismuth (Z = 83)mentioning

confidence: 99%

ICRP Publication 137: Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides: Part 3

Paquet¹,

Bailey²,

Leggett³

et al. 2017

Ann ICRP

206

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The 2007 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP, 2007) introduced changes that affect the calculation of effective dose, and implied a revision of the dose coefficients for internal exposure, published previously in the Publication 30 series (ICRP, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1988) and Publication 68 (ICRP, 1994). In addition, new data are now available that support an update of the radionuclide-specific information given in Publications 54 and 78 (ICRP, 1988a, 1997b) for the design of monitoring programmes and retrospective assessment of occupational internal doses. Provision of new biokinetic models, dose coefficients, monitoring methods, and bioassay data was performed by Committee 2, Task Group 21 on Internal Dosimetry, and Task Group 4 on Dose Calculations. A new series, the Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides (OIR) series, will replace the Publication 30 series and Publications 54, 68, and 78. OIR Part 1 has been issued (ICRP, 2015), and describes the assessment of internal occupational exposure to radionuclides, biokinetic and dosimetric models, methods of individual and workplace monitoring, and general aspects of retrospective dose assessment. OIR Part 2 (ICRP, 2016), this current publication and upcoming publications in the OIR series (Parts 4 and 5) provide data on individual elements and their radioisotopes, including information on chemical forms encountered in the workplace; a list of principal radioisotopes and their physical half-lives and decay modes; the parameter values of the reference biokinetic model; and data on monitoring techniques for the radioisotopes encountered most commonly in workplaces. Reviews of data on inhalation, ingestion, and systemic biokinetics are also provided for most of the elements. Dosimetric data provided in the printed publications of the OIR series include tables of committed effective dose per intake (Sv Bq−1 intake) for inhalation and ingestion, tables of committed effective dose per content (Sv Bq−1 measurement) for inhalation, and graphs of retention and excretion data per Bq intake for inhalation. These data are provided for all absorption types and for the most common isotope(s) of each element. The electronic annex that accompanies the OIR series of publications contains a comprehensive set of committed effective and equivalent dose coefficients, committed effective dose per content functions, and reference bioassay functions. Data are provided for inhalation, ingestion, and direct input to blood. This third publication in the series provides the above data for the following elements: ruthenium (Ru), antimony (Sb), tellurium (Te), iodine (I), caesium (Cs), barium (Ba), iridium (Ir), lead (Pb), bismuth (Bi), polonium (Po), radon (Rn), radium (Ra), thorium (Th), and uranium (U).

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Section: Bismuth (Z = 83)mentioning

confidence: 99%

ICRP Publication 137: Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides: Part 3

Paquet¹,

Bailey²,

Leggett³

et al. 2017

Ann ICRP

206

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Partition coefficients for radon are based mainly on results of in vivo and in vitro studies of the solubility of radon in blood and tissues of rats and in vitro data on the solubility of radon in human blood and fat Hursh 1957, 1958). Radon Nussbaum and Hursh 1957, 1958, Conn 1961, Glass and Harper 1962, Veall and Mallett 1965, Masson and Taylor 1967, Ladefoged and Andersen 1967, Bernard and Snyder 1975, Kirk et al 1975, Bell and Leach 1982, Rosenthal and Nickles 1985, Peterman and Perkins 1988, NAS 1999, Khursheed 2000 solubility coefficients determined from the in vivo studies on human blood and fat are within 10% of corresponding values determined from in vivo studies on rats. Extrapolation of radon solubility data from rats to humans may involve larger errors for some of the other organs or tissues addressed in table 1 due to species differences in their composition, including the fat content.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 71%

A generic biokinetic model for noble gases with application to radon

Leggett¹,

Marsh²,

Gregoratto³

et al. 2013

J. Radiol. Prot.

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To facilitate the estimation of radiation doses from intake of radionuclides, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) publishes dose coefficients (dose per unit intake) based on reference biokinetic and dosimetric models. The ICRP generally has not provided biokinetic models or dose coefficients for intake of noble gases, but plans to provide such information for (222)Rn and other important radioisotopes of noble gases in a forthcoming series of reports on occupational intake of radionuclides (OIR). This paper proposes a generic biokinetic model framework for noble gases and develops parameter values for radon. The framework is tailored to applications in radiation protection and is consistent with a physiologically based biokinetic modelling scheme adopted for the OIR series. Parameter values for a noble gas are based largely on a blood flow model and physical laws governing transfer of a non-reactive and soluble gas between materials. Model predictions for radon are shown to be consistent with results of controlled studies of its biokinetics in human subjects.

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“…Kirk et aZ. (17) studied the solubility of krypton in the tissues of guinea pigs and found weighted partition coefficients (equal approximately to the relative concentrations at equilibrium) of 0.421 in omental fat, 0.405 in substaneous fat, 0.259 in thymous, and 0.134 in bone marrow.…”

Section: Ingested Radonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer Fatalities from Waterborne Radon (Rn‐222)

Crawford‐Brown¹

1991

Risk Analysis

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A model of the biokinetics of radon in the human body following ingestion is developed from existing data. Calculations of the probability of cancer fatality from use of radon-laden water in the home then are presented. The pathways of emanation and ingestion are examined and shown to lead to roughly equal risks. The probability of fatal cancer resulting from lifetime use of water at a radon concentration of 1 pCi/L is shown to be 1 X 10(-6), with a reasonable range between 2 X 10(-7) and 5 X 10(-6). The allowed concentration consistent with an excess risk of 10(-4) then is approximately 100 pCi/L, which is exceeded in a significant fraction of U.S. water supplies. The lifetime number of premature deaths due to waterborne radon in the U.S. is estimated to lie between 5000 and 125,000, with a best estimate of 25,000.

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In Vivo Solubility of 85Kr in Guinea Pig Tissues

Cited by 9 publications

References 2 publications

ICRP Publication 137: Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides: Part 3

ICRP Publication 137: Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides: Part 3

A generic biokinetic model for noble gases with application to radon

Cancer Fatalities from Waterborne Radon (Rn‐222)

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