ICRP Publication 137: Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides: Part 3

Abstract

The 2007 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP, 2007) introduced changes that affect the calculation of effective dose, and implied a revision of the dose coefficients for internal exposure, published previously in the Publication 30 series (ICRP, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1988) and Publication 68 (ICRP, 1994). In addition, new data are now available that support an update of the radionuclide-specific information given in Publications 54 and 78 (ICRP, 1988a, 1997b) for the design of monitoring programmes and retrospective assessment of occupational internal doses. Provision of new biokinetic models, dose coefficients, monitoring methods, and bioassay data was performed by Committee 2, Task Group 21 on Internal Dosimetry, and Task Group 4 on Dose Calculations. A new series, the Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides (OIR) series, will replace the Publication 30 series and Publications 54, 68, and 78. OIR Part 1 has been issued (ICRP, 2015), and describes the assessment of internal occupational exposure to radionuclides, biokinetic and dosimetric models, methods of individual and workplace monitoring, and general aspects of retrospective dose assessment. OIR Part 2 (ICRP, 2016), this current publication and upcoming publications in the OIR series (Parts 4 and 5) provide data on individual elements and their radioisotopes, including information on chemical forms encountered in the workplace; a list of principal radioisotopes and their physical half-lives and decay modes; the parameter values of the reference biokinetic model; and data on monitoring techniques for the radioisotopes encountered most commonly in workplaces. Reviews of data on inhalation, ingestion, and systemic biokinetics are also provided for most of the elements. Dosimetric data provided in the printed publications of the OIR series include tables of committed effective dose per intake (Sv Bq−1 intake) for inhalation and ingestion, tables of committed effective dose per content (Sv Bq−1 measurement) for inhalation, and graphs of retention and excretion data per Bq intake for inhalation. These data are provided for all absorption types and for the most common isotope(s) of each element. The electronic annex that accompanies the OIR series of publications contains a comprehensive set of committed effective and equivalent dose coefficients, committed effective dose per content functions, and reference bioassay functions. Data are provided for inhalation, ingestion, and direct input to blood. This third publication in the series provides the above data for the following elements: ruthenium (Ru), antimony (Sb), tellurium (Te), iodine (I), caesium (Cs), barium (Ba), iridium (Ir), lead (Pb), bismuth (Bi), polonium (Po), radon (Rn), radium (Ra), thorium (Th), and uranium (U).

Biodistribution of 131I in mice is influenced by circadian variations

“…injected with 131 I, while in the clinic, many patients with thyroid diseases receive 131 I orally in pill or in liquid form. The difference in route of administration should not affect the scope of this study, since absorption of orally administered 131 I to the blood is rapid and virtually complete 36 , 37 . Hence, i.v.…”

Radiological characterisation of alkali-activated construction materials containing red mud, fly ash and ground granulated blast-furnace slag

“…In the case of the I-index, the targeted excess external dose from the building materials is 1.0 mSv/a. The dose contribution of the ICRP (Tirmarche et al, 2010) and EU-BSS (European Union, 2014) recommended Bq/kg average radon concentration which corresponds to approximately 10 mSv/year effective dose (Paquet et al, 2017). Clearly, the acceptable excess dose from the gamma exposure is significantly lower relative to the acceptable radon exposure.…”

Equipment for Testing Measuring Devices at a Low-Level Radon Activity Concentration

“…Radon measurement techniques to evaluate the radon concentration in dwellings are simple, efficient and precise. The levels of relevant concentrations in European dwellings have been lowered (300 Bq•m −3 ); however, there is still a need to develop and/or improve the accuracy of calibration procedures for existing commercial radon monitoring practices [3][4][5].…”