In vivo measurement of human tibial strains during vigorous activity

Burr, David B.; Milgrom, Charles; Fyhrie, David P.; Forwood, Mark R.; Nyska, Meir; Finestone, Aharon S.; Hoshaw, Susan J.; Saiag, E.; Simkin, Ariel

doi:10.1016/8756-3282(96)00028-2

Cited by 609 publications

(377 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

340

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Military activities that are not performed often, but likely exceed the strain threshold, include downhill running and/or zigzag motions, which elicit up to 2000 microstrain at the tibial shaft [65], or foot drill which generates peak vertical forces up to 6.6 (±1.7) times body weight or 983 (±333) BW⋅s -1 [35]. The loading profile of other activities performed periodically such as gym sessions have not been measured, but may also contribute to high load, low frequency osteogenic events.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased density and periosteal expansion of the tibia in young adult men following short-term arduous training

Izard¹,

Fraser

Negus³

et al. 2016

Bone

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

2 AbstractPurpose: Few human studies have reported early structural adaptations of bone to weightbearing exercise, which provide a greater contribution to improved bone strength than increased density. This prospective study examined site-and regional-specific adaptations of the tibia during arduous training in a cohort of male military (infantry) recruits to better understand how bone responds in vivo to mechanical loading.Methods: Tibial bone density and geometry were measured in 90 British Army male recruits (ages 21 + 3 y, height 1.78 ± 0.06 m, body mass 73.9 + 9.8 kg) in weeks 1 (Baseline) and 10 of initial military training. Scans were performed at the 4%, 14%, 38% and 66% sites, measured from the distal end plate, using pQCT (XCT2000L, Stratec Pforzheim, Germany).Customised software (BAMPack, L-3 ATI) was used to examine whole bone cross-section and regional sectors. T-tests determined significant differences between time points (P<0.05).Results: Bone density of trabecular and cortical compartments increased significantly at all measured sites. Bone geometry (cortical area and thickness) and bone strength (i, MM i and BSI) at the diaphyseal sites (38 and 66%) were also significantly higher in week 10. Regional changes in density and geometry were largely observed in the anterior, medial-anterior and anterior-posterior sectors. Calf muscle density and area (66% site) increased significantly at week 10 (P<0.01). Conclusions:In vivo mechanical loading improves bone strength of the human tibia by increased density and periosteal expansion, which varies by site and region of the bone.These changes may occur in response to the nature and distribution of forces originating from bending, torsional and shear stresses of military training. These improvements are observed early in training when the osteogenic stimulus is sufficient, which may be close to the fracture threshold in some individuals.3

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased density and periosteal expansion of the tibia in young adult men following short-term arduous training

Izard¹,

Fraser

Negus³

et al. 2016

Bone

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Results obtained by [20] reported slightly less than 2000 when measuring tibial shafts of soldiers during intensive training regimes. The highest strains registered in vivo are the results obtained by [21], measuring compressive strains in racehorses ranging from 4400 to 5670 .…”

Section: Table 1: Summary Of Data Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Distribution of microcrack lengths in bone in vivo and in vitro

Presbítero¹,

O’Brien²,

Lee³

et al. 2012

Journal of Theoretical Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…In vivo strain measurements have shown that during normal daily activities compact bone undergoes tensile, compressive, and torsional loading [6,10,14,23,40]. The magnitudes of in vivo loading are generally below the level required to cause fracture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damage mechanisms and failure modes of cortical bone under components of physiological loading

George

Vashishth

2005

Journal Orthopaedic Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fatigue damage development in cortical bone was investigated in vitro under different mechanical components of physiological loading including tension, compression, and torsion. During each test, stress and strain data were collected continuously to monitor and statistically determine the occurrence of the primary, secondary, and tertiary stages associated with fatigue and/or creep failure of bone. The resultant microdamage and failure modes were identified by histological and fractographic analysis, respectively. The tensile group demonstrated Mode I cracking and the three classic stages of fatigue and creep suggesting a low crack initiation threshold, steady crack propagation and final failure by coalescence of microcracks. In contrast, the compressive group displayed Mode I1 cracking and a two-stage fatigue behavior with limited creep suggesting a high crack initiation threshold followed by a sudden fracture. The torsion group also displayed a two-stage fatigue profile but demonstrated extensive damage from mixed mode (Modes I1 and 111) microcracking and predominant time-dependant damage. Thus, fatigue behavior of bone was found to be uniquely related to the individual mechanical components of physiological loading and the latter determined the specific damage mechanisms associated with fatigue fracture.

show abstract

In vivo measurement of human tibial strains during vigorous activity

Cited by 609 publications

References 6 publications

Increased density and periosteal expansion of the tibia in young adult men following short-term arduous training

Increased density and periosteal expansion of the tibia in young adult men following short-term arduous training

Distribution of microcrack lengths in bone in vivo and in vitro

Damage mechanisms and failure modes of cortical bone under components of physiological loading

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About