In vivo assessment of anticoagulant and antiplatelet effects of Syzygium cumini leaves extract in rabbits

Abstract

Background Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels. is one of the very popular traditionally used medicinal plants with numerous pharmacological activities including antioxidant, hypoglycemic and anti-inflammatory. However, actions of S. cumini on blood coagulation and other parameters of blood were poorly pharmacologically studied. Therefore, aim of this present investigation is to examine the effects of methanolic extract of S. cumini on blood coagulation and anticoagulation factors in healthy white albino rabbits at different doses. Methods Blood samples were drawn twice during this study and biochemical assays were performed to determine the effect on different parameters such as coagulation, anticoagulation, hematological, Protein C (PC) and thrombin antithrombin (TAT) complex and platelet aggregation. Results The results showed significant increase in RBCs, hemoglobin, hematocrit and platelets counts up to 1.4 × 10 3 /cm, 2.2 g/dl, 6%, 248.2 × 10 3 /cm respectively. While, thrombin and bleeding time were also prolonged in dose dependent manner which is highly significant ( p ≤ 0.005) as compared to control. Similarly, highly significantly increased ( p ≤ 0.005) in levels of protein C, thrombin antithrombin complex at dose of 500 mg/kg were observed. Whereas, levels of platelets aggregation and fibrinogen were decreased at high doses. Conclusion The obtained findings of hematological and coagulation tests concludes possibly S. cumini possess anticoagulant and antiplatelet effects.

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“…Animals were kept in a standard environment (45-55% humidity and 25°C ± 2°C) with a 12 h light-dark cycle. 33 They were divided into four groups, with 10 rats in each. All administrations were performed orally, and tested solutions were given once daily.…”

“…Different inflammatory biomarkers, including C-reactive proteins, interleukins (IL)-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were determined by MAGPIX (R&D Systems) in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions provided on commercial assay kits. 33,37 Histopathological Examination Tissues of heart, kidney, and liver were fixed in formalin (10%), and tissues were handled using standard laboratory techniques recommended for histopathological examinations. Tissue cleaning was done using a xylene solution (1%) for 1 h. Then, 3 to 5 µm sections were sliced using a microtome and stained with hematoxyline-eosin (H&E) stain according to the standard protocol for staining.…”

Screening of Anxiolytic and Antidepressant of Methanolic Leaves Extract of Syzygium Cumini in Mice

“…Myrtaceae with high flavonoids representing the major fraction of phenolic compounds while essential oil of this plant possessed limonene, dipentene and sesquiterpenes of different types as major components [11]. There are several traditional uses of S. cumini such as asthma, ulcers, bronchitis, dysentery, biliousness; diabetes and management of its complications [12].…”

“…There are several traditional uses of S. cumini such as asthma, ulcers, bronchitis, dysentery, biliousness; diabetes and management of its complications [12]. Experimental studies have shown that S. cumini leaves extract possess anti-nociceptive activity, anti-inflammatory activity, antioxidant effect, antimicrobial potential, antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic potential [11,13].…”

“…The leaves were dried for two weeks, after drying; leaves were transformed into powder and macerated with methanol for 14 days. Filtration of mixture was performed which further proceed to concentrate the filtrate using rotary evaporator at reduced pressure [11].…”