In vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of Cryptostegia grandiflora Roxb. ex R. Br. leaves

Abstract

BackgroundDespite Cryptostegia grandiflora Roxb. ex R. Br. (Apocynaceae) leaves are widely used in folk Caribbean Colombian medicine for their anti-inflammatory effects, there are no studies that support this traditional use. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate the effect of the total extract and primary fractions obtained from Cryptostegia grandiflora leaves, using in vivo and in vitro models of inflammation, and further get new insights on the mechanisms involved in this activity.ResultsEthanolic extract of Cryptostegia grandiflora leaves, and its corresponding ether and dichloromethane fractions, significantly reduced inflammation and myeloperoxidase activity (MPO) in ear tissue of mice treated with 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Histological analysis revealed a reduction of edema and leukocyte infiltration. Complementarily, we demonstrated that extract and fractions reduced nitric oxide (NO•) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, as well as scavenging activity on DPPH and ABTS radicals.ConclusionsOur results demonstrated for the first time the anti-inflammatory activity of Cryptostegia grandiflora leaves, supporting its traditional use. This activity was related to inhibition of MPO activity, and PGE2 and NO• production. These mechanisms and its antioxidant activity could contribute, at least in part, to the anti-inflammatory effect showed by this plant.

Cytotoxic and Immunomodulatory Potential Activity of Physalis peruviana Fruit Extracts on Cervical Cancer (HeLa) and Fibroblast (L929) Cells

“…The efficacy of those products depends on the tumor model and compound or compounds being analyzed, an aspect that requires further research. 61 This finding should be confirmed through further studies that could involve a Physalis peruviana fruit source and crop effect assessment. Since Physalis peruviana fruits have lower amounts of active antioxidants compared to the other parts of the plant, it may be helpful to use other plant parts in combination with the fruit for future potential developments of functional products from this plant, as in the case of Psyllium with anti-inflammatory compounds that reduce the expression of IL-8 in gastric epithelial cells in response to Helicobacter pylori.…”

“…Since Physalis peruviana fruits have lower amounts of active antioxidants compared to the other parts of the plant, it may be helpful to use other plant parts in combination with the fruit for future potential developments of functional products from this plant, as in the case of Psyllium with anti-inflammatory compounds that reduce the expression of IL-8 in gastric epithelial cells in response to Helicobacter pylori. 61, 62…”

Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Macroalgae Collected From Baja California Sur, Mexico

“…The TPA-induced ear edema model is commonly used in the search for compounds with anti-inflammatory activity and to evaluate the activity of mediators, such as leukotrienes, prostaglandins, and lysosomal enzymes, and leukocyte migration-degranulation through the release of various enzymes like MPO. The topical application of TPA induced inflammation with associated edema formation and increased MPO activity [35][36][37]. With regard to antiedematous activity, the dichloromethane extracts exhibited the greatest effects with respect to the edema inhibition percentage, specifically the extracts from the red algae G. vermiculophylla (65.7%), O. californica (64.2%), and L. gardnerii (53.1%).…”

Látex de plantas da família Apocynaceae: Uma revisão

“…Na literatura, o extrato metanólico de folhas de C. grandiflora exibiu propriedades analgésicas, análises fitoquímicas identificaram a presença de alcalóides, glicosídeos, flavonóides, esteroides, saponinas, taninos e compostos fenóis, entretanto não houve isolamento de constituintes, logo os autores propuseram que o potencial analgésico foi exercido por um fitoconstituite ou sinergismo (Hanumanthappa et al, 2012). Enquanto que, ao estudarem os efeitos do extrato etanólico de folhas de C. grandiflora, observou-se atividade anti-inflamatória em resposta ao uso de 12-O-tetradecanoil-forbol-13-acetato (TPA) em camundongos, notou-se redução de óxido nítrico e na produção de prostaglandina E2, e houve eliminação de radicais livres, com efeito dependente da concentração Ocampo & Franco, 2014).…”