In VitroCharacterization of Chondrogenic Cells Isolated from Chick Embryonic Muscle Using Peanut Agglutinin Affinity Chromatography

Stringa, E.; Love, Jane M.; McBride, Sarah; Suyama, Eiko; Tuan, Rocky S.

doi:10.1006/excr.1997.3532

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 52 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We histologically stained sectioned chick embryos from (Hamburger and Hamilton) HH14 to HH31 (E2-E7) with PNA (peanut agglutinin lectin), a marker of pre-chondrogenic progenitor cells in condensations [13-15]. PNA binds galactose-containing surface moieties--specifically cell surface glycoproteins or proteoglycans--and labels the columella and hyoid condensations of the second pharyngeal arch and basal plate condensation of the chondrocranium (Figure 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of chick (Gallus gallus) middle ear columella formation

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe chick middle ear bone, the columella, provides an accessible model in which to study the tissue and molecular interactions necessary for induction and patterning of the columella, as well as associated multiple aspects of endochondral ossification. These include mesenchymal condensation, chondrogenesis, ossification of the medial footplate and shaft, and joint formation between the persistent cartilage of the extracolumella and ossified columella. Middle and external ear defects are responsible for approximately 10% of congenital hearing defects. Thus, understanding the morphogenesis and the molecular mechanisms of the formation of the middle ear is important to understanding normal and abnormal development of this essential component of the hearing apparatus.ResultsThe columella, which arises from proximal ectomesenchyme of the second pharyngeal arch, is induced and patterned in a dynamic multi-step process. From the footplate, which inserts into the inner ear oval window, the shaft spans the pneumatic middle ear cavity, and the extracolumella inserts into the tympanic membrane. Through marker gene and immunolabeling analysis, we have determined the onset of each stage in the columella's development, from condensation to ossification. Significantly, a single condensation with the putative shaft and extracolumella arms already distinguishable is observed shortly before initiation of five separate chondrogenic centers within these structures. Ossification begins later, with periosteum formation in the shaft and, unexpectedly, a separate periosteum in the footplate.ConclusionsThe data presented in this study document the spatiotemporal events leading to morphogenesis of the columella and middle ear structures and provide the first gene expression data for this region. These data identify candidate genes and facilitate future functional studies and elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of columella formation.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of chick (Gallus gallus) middle ear columella formation

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…3,40 After chondrogenic differentiation, these cells no longer are able to bind PNA, further illustrating the utility of PNA binding as a method for identifying precartilage cells. In fact, affinity chromatography to fractionate PNA-binding cells results in a cell population with enhanced chondrogenic ability, 91,92 suggesting that PNA is possibly a functional marker for chondroprogenitor cells. Currently, there is no information on what other cell-surface characteristics best define an embryonic chondrogenic precursor cell.…”

Section: S106mentioning

confidence: 97%

Biology of Developmental and Regenerative Skeletogenesis

Tuan

2004

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Embryonic skeletal development involves the recruitment, commitment, differentiation, and maturation of mesenchymal cells into those in the skeletal tissue lineage, specifically cartilage and bone along the intramembranous and endochondral ossification pathways. The exquisite control of skeletal development is regulated at the level of gene transcription, cellular signaling, cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, as well as systemic modulation. Mediators include transcription factors, growth factors, cytokines, metabolites, hormones, and environmentally derived influences. Understanding the mechanisms underlying developmental skeletogenesis is crucial to harnessing the inherent regenerative potential of skeletal tissues for wound healing and repair, as well as for functional skeletal tissue engineering. In this review, a number of key issues are discussed concerning the current and future challenges of the scientific investigation of developmental skeletogenesis in the embryo, specifically limb cartilage development, and how these challenges relate to regenerative or reparative skeletogenesis in the adult. Specifically, a more complete understanding the biology of skeletogenic progenitor cells and the cellular and molecular mechanisms governing tissue patterning and morphogenesis should greatly facilitate the development of regenerative approaches to cartilage repair.The embryonic limb is one of the most studied developmental model systems. Many fundamental paradigms of developmental biology, including the field concept (ie, limb field), progenitor cells (ie, progress zone cells), positional information, polarity (dorsal/ventral, proximal/distal, and anterior/posterior), epithelial-mesenchymal interactions, diffusible morphogen gradients, and many others either originate from or have been amplified through their association with the biology of limb development. The fact that the skeletal primordium represents the core of the developing limb underscores the importance of the skeletal component of the early limb.The limbs develop from paired primordial buds that appear on the lateral surface of the embryo at specific levels, referred to as limb fields, along its anteriorposterior body axis (Fig 1). At the early stages of limb development, the buds exhibit a paddle shape consisting of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells derived from the lateral plate and somitic mesoderm, covered by ectoderm. The limb cartilage elements form temporally in a proximal to distal sequence, but are initially contiguous. 84 Through the gradual recruitment of cells, the primary condensation of the stylopod (humerus/femur) forms first, the zeugopod (radius-ulna/tibia-fibula) forms second, and the autopod (carpals/tarsals and phalanges) forms last. There is considerable mixing of cells along the proximal-distal axis within each future segment, but not between segments. 28 Positional information is determined in part by the expression of Hox genes. The first part of the limb, in which a subset of Hoxa and Hoxd genes are activated, is the post...

show abstract

“…All PCR products were analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis with ethidium bromide staining. Table 1 lists primers used: Col2A, 23 Col10A1, 24 TGF-bRI, 25 TR-b, 9 GAPDH 26 ; TGF-RII and TR-a were designed for this study.…”

Section: Gene Expression Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of TGF‐β1 and triiodothyronine on cartilage maturation: In vitro analysis using long‐term high‐density micromass cultures of chick embryonic limb mesenchymal cells

Mello

Tuan

2006

Journal Orthopaedic Research

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Endochondral ossification is initiated by differentiation of mesenchymal cells into chondrocytes, which produce a cartilaginous matrix, proliferate, mature, and undergo hypertrophy, followed by matrix calcification, and substitution of cartilage by bone. A number of hormones and growth factors have been implicated in this process. Using in vitro, long-term, high-density, micromass cultures of chick embryonic mesenchyme, that recapitulate the process of chondrogenesis, chondrocyte maturation, and hypertrophy, we have investigated the importance of a balance between proliferation and apoptosis in cartilage maturation, focusing specifically on the effects of transforming growth factor-b1 (TGF-b1) and the thyroid hormone, triiodothyronine (T3). Our results showed that TGF-b1 stimulates proliferation, by week 2 of culture, and T3 inhibits proliferation by week 3. Cell size increases in cultures treated with T3. Collagen type X is expressed in all culture, and delay in matrix deposition is seen only in the cultures treated with TGF-b1. T3 stimulates alkaline phosphatase activity, but not calcification. T3 enhances apoptosis, as seen by TUNEL staining, and internucleosomal DNA fragmentation. The results support the roles of T3 and TGF-b in cartilage maturation, i.e., TGF-b stimulates proliferation and suppresses hypertrophy, while T3 stimulates hypertrophy and apoptosis. ß

show abstract

In VitroCharacterization of Chondrogenic Cells Isolated from Chick Embryonic Muscle Using Peanut Agglutinin Affinity Chromatography

Cited by 17 publications

References 52 publications

Analysis of chick (Gallus gallus) middle ear columella formation

Analysis of chick (Gallus gallus) middle ear columella formation

Biology of Developmental and Regenerative Skeletogenesis

Effects of TGF‐β1 and triiodothyronine on cartilage maturation: In vitro analysis using long‐term high‐density micromass cultures of chick embryonic limb mesenchymal cells

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About