In vitro susceptibility of Alcaligenes denitrificans subsp. xylosoxidans to 24 antimicrobial agents

Glupczynski, Youri; Hansen, Willy; Freney, J.; Yourassowsky, E

doi:10.1128/aac.32.2.276

Cited by 58 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…xylosoxidans is intrinsically resistant to many antimicrobial agents, including aminoglycosides, cephalosporins (except ceftazidime), and aztreonam (4)(5)(6)(7). However, the intrinsic resistance mechanisms and genes involved are not fully understood.…”

Section: A Chromobacter Xylosoxidans (Formerly Alcaligenes Xylosoxidans)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Insights into Intrinsic and Acquired Drug Resistance Mechanisms in Achromobacter xylosoxidans

Zhu

et al. 2015

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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e Achromobacter xylosoxidans is an opportunistic pathogen known to be resistant to a wide range of antibiotics; however, the knowledge about the drug resistance mechanisms is limited. We used a high-throughput sequencing approach to sequence the genomes of the A. xylosoxidans type strain ATCC 27061 and a clinical isolate, A. xylosoxidans X02736, and then we used different bioinformatics tools to analyze the drug resistance genes in these bacteria. We obtained the complete genome sequence for A. xylosoxidans ATCC 27061 and the draft sequence for X02736. We predicted a total of 50 drug resistance-associated genes in the type strain, including 5 genes for ␤-lactamases and 17 genes for efflux pump systems; these genes are also conserved among other A. xylosoxidans genomes. In the clinical isolate, except for the conserved resistance genes, we also identified several acquired resistance genes carried by a new transposon embedded in a novel integrative and conjugative element. Our study provides new insights into the intrinsic and acquired drug resistance mechanisms in A. xylosoxidans, which will be helpful for better understanding the physiology of A. xylosoxidans and the evolution of antibiotic resistance in this bacterium.

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Section: A Chromobacter Xylosoxidans (Formerly Alcaligenes Xylosoxidans)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Insights into Intrinsic and Acquired Drug Resistance Mechanisms in Achromobacter xylosoxidans

Zhu

et al. 2015

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…The carbapenem agents and piperacillin, with or without tazobactam, were also active against these isolates of A. xylosoxidans. Earlier studies have demonstrated that imipenem, ceftazidime, ␤-lactamase inhibitor combinations, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole were most active (12,27), although these studies did not include CF isolates.…”

Section: Most (89%) Isolates From Cf Patients Identified Asmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Alcaligenes xylosoxidans Isolated from Patients with Cystic Fibrosis

et al. 2001

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In the past decade, potential pathogens, including Alcaligenes species, have been increasingly recovered from cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Accurate identification of multiply antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacilli is critical to understanding the epidemiology and clinical implications of emerging pathogens in CF. We examined the frequency of correct identification of Alcaligenes spp. by microbiology laboratories affiliated with American CF patient care centers. Selective media, an exotoxin A probe for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and a commercial identification assay, API 20 NE, were used for identification. The activity of antimicrobial agents against these clinical isolates was determined. A total of 106 strains from 78 patients from 49 CF centers in 22 states were studied. Most (89%) were correctly identified by the referring laboratories as Alcaligenes xylosoxidans. However, 12 (11%) strains were misidentified; these were found to be P. aeruginosa (n ‫؍‬ 10), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (n ‫؍‬ 1), and Burkholderia cepacia (n ‫؍‬ 1). Minocycline, imipenem, meropenem, piperacillin, and piperacillin-tazobactam were the most active since 51, 59, 51, 50, and 55% of strains, respectively, were inhibited. High concentrations of colistin (100 and 200 g/ml) inhibited 92% of strains. Chloramphenicol paired with minocycline and ciprofloxacin paired with either imipenem or meropenem were the most active combinations and inhibited 40 and 32%, respectively, of strains. Selective media and biochemical identification proved to be useful strategies for distinguishing A. xylosoxidans from other CF pathogens. Standards for processing CF specimens should be developed, and the optimal method for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of A. xylosoxidans should be determined.Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common life-shortening disease caused by a recessive autosomal gene in the Caucasian population and afflicts about 60,000 patients worldwide, approximately 30,000 of whom are cared for in the United States (21). While the genetic defect in CF is known, the relationship between abnormal CF transmembrane conductance regulator and chronic pulmonary disease is not yet fully understood (22). Chronic pulmonary disease is characterized by a vicious cycle of inflammation and infection and is the major cause of morbidity and mortality. The pathogens of CF are well characterized and include Staphylococcus aureus, nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Burkholderia cepacia (10).During the past decade, several additional potential pathogens have been recovered from CF patients, including nontuberculous mycobacteria (19), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (3), and Alcaligenes species, particularly Alcaligenes xylosoxidans (29). As reported to the U.S. Cystic Fibrosis Foundation's National Patient Registry in 1996 and 1997, 1.9 and 2.7% of all CF patients harbored Alcaligenes spp. (7,8). As determined by a research laboratory participating in a phase III trial of aerosolized tobramycin in CF patients who were Ն6 years of ...

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“…The organism has variable susceptibility to ␤-lactams (8). It is mostly resistant to narrow-spectrum penicillins and to several cephalosporins, including cefotaxime, whereas susceptibility to ureidopenicillins and carbapenems varies (8). However, acquisition of metallo-␤-lactamases, such as IMP-1, VIM-1, or VIM-2, has been reported for A. xylosoxidans, therefore leading to high-level resistance to carbapenems (12,(17)(18)(19)(20).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With its tendency to contaminate fluid, many outbreaks have been reported, mostly in immunocompromised hosts, causing serious infections, including bacteremia (4,9). The organism has variable susceptibility to ␤-lactams (8). It is mostly resistant to narrow-spectrum penicillins and to several cephalosporins, including cefotaxime, whereas susceptibility to ureidopenicillins and carbapenems varies (8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a Naturally Occurring Class D β-Lactamase from Achromobacter xylosoxidans

Doi

Poirel

Paterson

et al. 2008

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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A chromosomally encoded class D ␤-lactamase, OXA-114, was characterized from Achromobacter xylosoxidans strain CIP69598. ␤-Lactamase OXA-114 shared 56% amino acid identity with the naturally occurring class D ␤-lactamase of Burkholderia cenocepacia and 42% identity with the acquired oxacillinases OXA-9 and OXA-18. OXA-114 has a narrow-spectrum hydrolysis profile, although it includes imipenem, at a very low level. PCR and sequencing revealed that bla OXA-114 -like genes were identified in all A. xylosoxidans strains tested (n ‫؍‬ 5), indicating that this ␤-lactamase is naturally occurring in that species. Induction experiments with imipenem and cefoxitin did not show inducibility of bla OXA-114 expression.

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In vitro susceptibility of Alcaligenes denitrificans subsp. xylosoxidans to 24 antimicrobial agents

Cited by 58 publications

References 20 publications

Genomic Insights into Intrinsic and Acquired Drug Resistance Mechanisms in Achromobacter xylosoxidans

Genomic Insights into Intrinsic and Acquired Drug Resistance Mechanisms in Achromobacter xylosoxidans

Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Alcaligenes xylosoxidans Isolated from Patients with Cystic Fibrosis

Characterization of a Naturally Occurring Class D β-Lactamase from Achromobacter xylosoxidans

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