Characterization of a Naturally Occurring Class D β-Lactamase from
            <i>Achromobacter xylosoxidans</i>

Doi, Yohei; Poirel, Laurent; Paterson, David L.; Nordmann, Patrice

doi:10.1128/aac.01463-07

Cited by 48 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…One who was initially colonized with Achromobacter genogroup 17 (PFGE pattern B) was found to carry a different strain of Achromobacter genogroup 7 (PFGE pattern I) 5 years after the initial isolate. Although both long-term colonization with a single strain and acquisition of different strains over time have been described (14, 20), our results suggest that chronic colonization is more often due to persistence than reinfection (1).The intrinsic ␤-lactamase bla OXA-114 -like gene is reported to provide a means to identify A. xylosoxidans (7,21). Nevertheless, all of our isolates of A. xylosoxidans and the recently described Achromobacter species or genogroups 2a, 12, 14, and 17 were also shown to carry this gene ( Table 2).…”

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Molecular Characterization of Achromobacter Isolates from Cystic Fibrosis and Non-Cystic Fibrosis Patients in Madrid, Spain

et al. 2013

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bMultilocus sequence typing and nrdA sequence analysis identified 6 different species or genogroups and 13 sequence types (STs) among 15 Achromobacter isolates from cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and 7 species or genogroups and 11 STs among 11 isolates from non-CF patients. Achromobacter xylosoxidans was the most frequently isolated species among CF patients.A chromobacter spp. are nonfermenting, Gram-negative rods that are widely distributed in nature, some of which are associated with opportunistic infection of humans (1). Because phenotypic methods for identification are inadequate, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) (2) and nrdA 765 DNA sequencing (3) have recently been developed to elucidate the taxonomy and epidemiology of Achromobacter isolates. In addition to seven previously named Achromobacter species, 14 new taxa have now been described, some of which are associated with infections in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients (2-5). The recent changes in the knowledge of the biodiversity of Achromobacter infections and the novel taxonomy mean that there are few published data on the clinical impact of different Achromobacter species. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence and clinical importance of Achromobacter infection in CF patients in Spain and to understand the distribution of this genus among CF and non-CF patients.We undertook a retrospective study of all CF patients who were colonized or infected with Achromobacter and who were treated at the CF reference center of the Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (Madrid) between 2002 and 2012. Patients were considered chronically colonized if at least three positive cultures were obtained in 1 year and sporadically colonized if there were less than three positive cultures. Clinical records were reviewed to collect demographic, clinical, and microbiology data. Sputum samples were inoculated onto different culture media (Columbia 5% blood agar, MacConkey agar, mannitol-salt agar, chocolate agar, and Burkholderia cepacia selective agar [BCSA] medium). Phenotypic identification was performed using the Wider system (Francisco Soria-Melguizo, Spain) and API 20 NE (bioMérieux, Marcy l=Etoile, France). Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by broth microdilution and the ε-test method and interpreted according to CLSI guidelines (6). Sequence analysis of 16S rRNA was used to confirm the phenotypic identification of Achromobacter spp., and MLST (2) and nrdA 765 DNA sequencing (3) were performed on all isolates. We tested for the presence of the bla OXA-114 -like gene by PCR for the identification of A. xylosoxidans (7). Taxonomic status was obtained by comparison of results to those in the GenBank (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/BLAST) and MLST (http://pubmlst.org/achromobacter/) databases. Achromobacter isolates were also genotyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) (8). Univariate analysis was performed using the t test for continuous variables and the 2 or Fisher's exact test for categorical variables.Over the study period, 5.6% (14/250) of C...

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confidence: 57%

“…The intrinsic ␤-lactamase bla OXA-114 -like gene is reported to provide a means to identify A. xylosoxidans (7,21). Nevertheless, all of our isolates of A. xylosoxidans and the recently described Achromobacter species or genogroups 2a, 12, 14, and 17 were also shown to carry this gene ( Table 2).…”

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confidence: 75%

Molecular Characterization of Achromobacter Isolates from Cystic Fibrosis and Non-Cystic Fibrosis Patients in Madrid, Spain

et al. 2013

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“…Therefore, the isolates identified as A. xylosoxidans with a score of Ն2 were subjected to susceptibility tests to select the strains harboring the typical resistance profile (cefoxitin, cefotaxime, cefepime, aztreonam, kanamycin, tobramycin, netilmicin, amikacin, and gentamicin). The last step of identification consisted of detecting and sequencing the naturally occurring bla OXA genes of A. xylosoxidans (bla OXA-114 and variants [13,30,31] and bla OXA-243 and variants [13]). We used the primer pair OXA-114A and OXA-114B (30).…”

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confidence: 99%

Detection of Achromobacter xylosoxidans in Hospital, Domestic, and Outdoor Environmental Samples and Comparison with Human Clinical Isolates

Amoureux

Bador

Fardeheb

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Achromobacter xylosoxidans is an aerobic nonfermentative Gram-negative rod considered an important emerging pathogen among cystic fibrosis (CF) patients worldwide and among immunocompromised patients. This increased prevalence remains unexplained, and to date no environmental reservoir has been identified. The aim of this study was to identify potential reservoirs of A. xylosoxidans in hospital, domestic, and outdoor environments and to compare the isolates with clinical ones. From 2011 to 2012, 339 samples were collected in Dijon's university hospital, in healthy volunteers' homes in the Dijon area, and in the outdoor environment in Burgundy (soil, water, mud, and plants). We designed a protocol to detect A. xylosoxidans in environmental samples based on a selective medium: MCXVAA (MacConkey agar supplemented with xylose, vancomycin, aztreonam, and amphotericin B). Susceptibility testing, genotypic analysis by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and bla OXA-114 sequencing were performed on the isolates. A total of 50 strains of A. xylosoxidans were detected in hospital (33 isolates), domestic (9 isolates), and outdoor (8 isolates) samples, mainly in hand washing sinks, showers, and water. Most of them were resistant to ciprofloxacin (49 strains). Genotypic analysis and bla OXA-114 sequencing revealed a wide diversity among the isolates, with 35 pulsotypes and 18 variants of oxacillinases. Interestingly, 10 isolates from hospital environment were clonally related to clinical isolates previously recovered from hospitalized patients, and one domestic isolate was identical to one recovered from a CF patient. These results indicate that A. xylosoxidans is commonly distributed in various environments and therefore that CF patients or immunocompromised patients are surrounded by these reservoirs.

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“…In 2008, the A. xylosoxidans species-specific class D ␤-lactamase OXA-114 was described (18), and later, in 2011, Turton et al proposed the identification of the species based on the PCR amplification of an inner fragment of the coding gene (15). In our hands, not only A. xylosoxidans isolates, but also A. ruhlandii rendered positive amplifications, leading to the description of a new OXA-coding gene when A. ruhlandii amplicons were sequenced.…”

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OXA-258 from Achromobacter ruhlandii: a Species-Specific Marker

et al. 2013

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A new bla OXA-258 gene is described as a species-specific taxonomic marker for Achromobacter ruhlandii isolates (all recovered from cystic fibrosis patients). Even though OXA-258 differs from OXA-114 variants, isolates could be misidentified as A. xiloxosidans by the amplification of an inner fragment from the OXA-coding gene. A robust identification of A. ruhlandii can be achieved by sequencing this single OXA gene, as well as by a more laborious recently proposed multilocus sequence-typing (MLST) scheme.

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Characterization of a Naturally Occurring Class D β-Lactamase from Achromobacter xylosoxidans

Cited by 48 publications

References 21 publications

Molecular Characterization of Achromobacter Isolates from Cystic Fibrosis and Non-Cystic Fibrosis Patients in Madrid, Spain

Molecular Characterization of Achromobacter Isolates from Cystic Fibrosis and Non-Cystic Fibrosis Patients in Madrid, Spain

Detection of Achromobacter xylosoxidans in Hospital, Domestic, and Outdoor Environmental Samples and Comparison with Human Clinical Isolates

OXA-258 from Achromobacter ruhlandii: a Species-Specific Marker

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