In Vitro Studies of Human Ragweed Allergy: Changes in Cellular and Humoral Activity Associated with Specific Desensitization*

Lichtenstein, Lawrence M.; Norman, Philip S.; Winkenwerder, Walter L.; Osler, Abraham G.

doi:10.1172/jci105419

Cited by 170 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In addition, symptoms scores computed by the method of Lichtenstein et al (21) did not reveal any differences in the severity of the symptoms between the sensitive and insensitive patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Determination of cell sensitivity defined a sensitive group of 20 patients and a relatively insensitive group of 8 patients. Sensitivity was determined by the amount of RAgE necessary to release 50% of total cellular histamine using the criteria of Lichtenstein et al (21). The sensitive group had certain features in common with regard to their response to RAgE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nine patients had a serum RAST level of less than 10. Leukocytes from 8/9 of these patients were also considered insensitive when evaluated by antigen-induced LHR (21 [8H]thymidine incorporation in cultures containing supernates from stimulated lymphocytes was attributed to mitogenic factor being present in the preparation. The results of assays comparing mitogenic factor production by lymphocytes from patients and controls are summarized in Table III.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cell-Mediated Immune Response of Ragweed-Sensitive Patients to Ragweed Antigen E

Rocklin¹,

Pence²,

Kaplan³

et al. 1974

J. Clin. Invest.

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A B S T R A C T The in vivo and in vitro responses to ragweed antigen E were evaluated in 28 untreated atopic patients with ragweed hayfever. The methods employed included direct skin testing, measurement of total serum IgE, measurement of specific IgE anti-ragweed antibodies, leukocyte histamine release, lymphocyte transformation, and release of lymphocyte mediators (migration inhibitory factor and mitogenic factor). The patients could be divided into sensitive and insensitive groups on the basis of their in vitro reactivity to antigen E. 20 patients in the sensitive group had statistically higher levels of total serum IgE, higher levels of specific IgE anti-ragweed antibodies, and greater leukocyte sensitivity as measured by antigen-induced histamine release than did eight patients in the insensitive group. Lymphocytes from sensitive patients produced greater amounts of migration inhibitory factor and mitogenic factor when challenged by antigen E than did lymphocytes from insensitive patients. A possible role for the lymphocyte in this allergic disease is discussed. serum IgE levels of paIgEAR levels but normal total serum IgE levels. Of interest was the finding that a small number of patients had diminished lymphocyte mediator production, histamine release, IgE, and IgEAR levels. One could not distinguish clinically between these two groups. METHODSPatients. 28 atopic patients with symptoms compatible with seasonal allergic rhinitis and no previous history of receiving ragweed immunotherapy were included in this study. The ages ranged from 15 to 64 yr (mean 28.9 yr) and included 23 males and 5 females. 18 nonatopic subjects served as controls.Skin tests. At one forearm site 0.05 ml of aqueous ragweed extract (100 protein nitrogen units/ml) alone was injected intradermally. In the opposite forearm 0.05 ml chlorpheniramine maleate (10 mg/ml) was injected before the subsequent intradermal injection of 0.05 ml ragweed extract at the same site. At a third site chlorpheniramine alone was injected (0.05 ml). The amount of erythema and induration were measured at each site at 15 min and 48 h. In one subject a punch biopsy specimen was obtained at 48 h from sites injected with ragweed extract plus chlorpheniramine and chlorpheniramine alone.Serum IgE levels. Serum samples were obtained from patients at the time of initial evaluation and IgE levels determined by use of a Phadebas kit purchased from Pharmacia (Uppsala, Sweden). Serum samples for IgE levels were also obtained from 50 subjects in the same age range as the patient population.Specific IgEAR levels. The radioallergosorbent test (RAST) was used to measure specific IgEAR levels (9). 10 ml of a 20% whole ragweed extract was conjugated to 500 mg of cyanogen bromide-activated cellulose particles (10). 25-, 50-, and 75-il samples of sera were added to 0.5-mg aliquots of the antigen-cellulose conjugate and incubated overnight in a horizontal rotator. After washing, 0.05 ml of "I-labeled immunosorbent purified anti-IgE (Fc) was added to each tube. The anti-IgE (...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cell-Mediated Immune Response of Ragweed-Sensitive Patients to Ragweed Antigen E

Rocklin¹,

Pence²,

Kaplan³

et al. 1974

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…Cells of the treated subjects become less sensitive or less reactive to ragweed antigen E (AgE) (6,7), and IgG antibodies ("blocking" antibodies) appear in the serum (8)(9)(10). The apparent suppression of IgE antibody has been attributed to the presence of IgGblocking antibody (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Changes in IgE Antibodies and Their Relationship to IgG Antibodies during Immunotherapy for Ragweed Hay Fever

Yunginger¹,

Gleich²

1973

J. Clin. Invest.

109

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“…Studies have shown that an energy dependent process is involved in the following inflammatory responses: increase in vascular permeability (7 , 8) edema formation (9), release of chemical mediators from mast cells (10,11), platelets (12,13) and neutrophiles (14), ADP induced platelet aggregation (15,16) and phagocytosis of microphages (17,18).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Id-540 on Averaged Photopalpebral Reflex in Man

Futami

Samata

1977

Japanese Journal of Pharmacology

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Abstract-Studieswere carried out to determine the relationship between metabolic and histopathological changes in the gastrocnemius muscle of rats in which an acute exudative inflammation had been induced by alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (alkyl-DBAC, a cationic surfactant). Succinate respiration, Na+-K+-Mg2+ ATPasc activity and ATP, ADP and AMP levels were determined as the index of metabolic changes. Myofascial edematous swelling with the acceleration of succinate oxidation and Na+-K+-Mg2+ ATPase activity was noted at 30 minutes in the inflamed muscle. The ATP level was also transiently reduced . On the other hand, Na+-K-"-Mg2+ ATPase activity and succinate oxidation were inhibited by alkyl-DBAC, at this concentration, in ritro. These results support the possibility that enhancement of energy metabolism is not directly initiated by alkyl-DBAC but may be the result of certain chemical medi ators released by alkyl-DBAC.The enhancement of energy metabolism continued after 1 hour and this energy may initiate leukocyte migration as well as increase vascular permeability and edema.A number of different ionic types of surfactants cause inflammation on the skin (1, 2) and mucous membrane (3) , but the exact mechanism is not understood. In an attempt to investigate the inflammatory action of surfactants , we have pointed out the primary irritation on the skin (4) or mucoua (5) and the effects on active transport in frog skin (6) using a Ikyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (alkyl-DBAC , a cationic surfactant), which can be considered a relatively potent compound when compared with other types of sur factants.Studies have shown that an energy dependent process is involved in the following inflammatory responses: increase in vascular permeability (7 , 8) edema formation (9), release of chemical mediators from mast cells (10, 11), platelets (12, 13) and neutrophiles (14), ADP induced platelet aggregation (15, 16) and phagocytosis of microphages (17, 18).Our preceeding papers dealt with the effects of surfactants, and herein the inflam matory responses induced by alkyl-DBAC are discussed. MATERIALS AND METHODS.11aterials

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In Vitro Studies of Human Ragweed Allergy: Changes in Cellular and Humoral Activity Associated with Specific Desensitization*

Cited by 170 publications

References 22 publications

Cell-Mediated Immune Response of Ragweed-Sensitive Patients to Ragweed Antigen E

Cell-Mediated Immune Response of Ragweed-Sensitive Patients to Ragweed Antigen E

Seasonal Changes in IgE Antibodies and Their Relationship to IgG Antibodies during Immunotherapy for Ragweed Hay Fever

Effects of Id-540 on Averaged Photopalpebral Reflex in Man

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