In vitro herbicide activity of crude and fractionated leaf extracts of Blepharocalyx salicifolius (Myrtaceae)

Habermann, Eduardo; Pereira, Viviane de Cassia; Imatomi, Maristela; Pontes, Flávia Cevithereza; Gualtieri, Sônia Cristina Juliano

doi:10.1007/s40415-016-0317-4

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Seed germination test (phytotoxicity assay). The phytotoxicity of tryptoquialanine A on seed germination was evaluated as previously described with a few modifications (42)(43)(44)(45). Briefly, C. sinensis seeds were manually collected from oranges purchased at a local grocery store (Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytotoxic Tryptoquialanines Produced In Vivo by Penicillium digitatum Are Exported in Extracellular Vesicles

Costa

Bazioli

Barbosa

et al. 2021

mBio

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Penicillium digitatum is the most aggressive pathogen of citrus fruits. Tryptoquialanines are major indole alkaloids produced by P. digitatum. It is unknown if tryptoquialanines are involved in the damage of citrus fruits caused by P. digitatum. To investigate the pathogenic roles of tryptoquialanines, we initially asked if tryptoquialanines could affect the germination of Citrus sinensis seeds. Exposure of the citrus seeds to tryptoquialanine A resulted in a complete inhibition of germination and an altered metabolic response. Since this phytotoxic effect requires the extracellular export of tryptoquialanine A, we investigated the mechanisms of extracellular delivery of this alkaloid in P. digitatum. We detected extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by P. digitatum both in culture and during infection of citrus fruits. Compositional analysis of EVs produced during infection revealed the presence of a complex cargo, which included tryptoquialanines and the mycotoxin fungisporin. The EVs also presented phytotoxicity activity in vitro and caused damage to the tissues of citrus seeds. Through molecular networking, it was observed that the metabolites present in the P. digitatum EVs are produced in all of its possible hosts. Our results reveal a novel phytopathogenic role of P. digitatum EVs and tryptoquialanine A, implying that this alkaloid is exported in EVs during plant infection. IMPORTANCE During the postharvest period, citrus fruits can be affected by phytopathogens such as Penicillium digitatum, which causes green mold disease and is responsible for up to 90% of total citrus losses. Chemical fungicides are widely used to prevent green mold disease, leading to concerns about environmental and health risks. To develop safer alternatives to control phytopathogens, it is necessary to understand the molecular basis of infection during the host-pathogen interaction. In the P. digitatum model, the virulence strategies are poorly known. Here, we describe the production of phytotoxic extracellular vesicles (EVs) by P. digitatum during the infection of citrus fruits. We also characterized the secondary metabolites in the cargo of EVs and found in this set of molecules an inhibitor of seed germination. Since EVs and secondary metabolites have been related to virulence mechanisms in other host-pathogen interactions, our data are important for the comprehension of how P. digitatum causes damage to its primary hosts.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytotoxic Tryptoquialanines Produced In Vivo by Penicillium digitatum Are Exported in Extracellular Vesicles

Costa

Bazioli

Barbosa

et al. 2021

mBio

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“…The mixture of hexane and ethyl acetate was frequently used as mobile phase for the fractionation of seed extract. 14 In this study, a total of 4 fractions were collected based on the band color. The first and third fractions were yellow in color, whereas the second and fourth fractions were colorless.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Efficiency of Swietenia macrophylla Seed Extract on Clinical Wound Pathogens

et al. 2019

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Microbial wound infection prolonged the hospitalization and increase the cost for wound management. Silver is commonly used as antimicrobial wound dressing. However, it causes several adverse side effects. Hence, this study was aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial efficiency of Swietenia macrophylla seed extract on clinical wound pathogens. Besides, the bioactive constituents of the seed extract were also determined. S. macrophylla seeds were extracted with methanol by maceration method. The seed extract inhibited 5 test bacteria and 1 yeast on disc diffusion assay. The antibacterial activity was broad spectrum, as the extract inhibited both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. On kill curve analysis, the antibacterial activity of the seed extract was concentration-dependent, the increase of extract concentration resulted in more reduction of bacterial growth. The extract also caused 99.9% growth reduction of Bacillus subtilis relative to control. A total of 21 compounds were detected in gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. The predominant compounds present in the extract were oleic acid (18.56%) and linoleic acid (17.72%). In conclusion, the methanolic extract of S. macrophylla seeds exhibited significant antimicrobial activity on clinical wound pathogens. Further investigations should be conducted to purify other bioactive compounds from the seeds of S. macrophylla.

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“…The phytotoxicity of tryptoquialanine A on seed germination was evaluated as previously described with a few modifications (42)(43)(44)(45). Briefly, C. sinensis seeds were manually collected from oranges purchased at a local grocery store (Campinas, SP, Brazil).…”

Section: Seed Germination Test (Phytotoxicity Assay)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytotoxic tryptoquialanines producedin vivobyPenicillium digitatumare exported in extracellular vesicles

Costa

Bazioli

Barbosa

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Penicillium digitatum is the most aggressive pathogen of citrus fruits. Tryptoquialanines are major indole alkaloids produced by P. digitatum. It is unknown if tryptoquialanines are involved in the damage of citrus fruits caused by P. digitatum. To investigate the pathogenic roles of tryptoquialanines, we initially asked if tryptoquialanines could affect the germination of Citrus sinensis seeds. Exposure of the citrus seeds to tryptoquialanine A resulted in a complete inhibition of germination and an altered metabolic response. Since this phytotoxic effect requires the extracellular export of tryptoquialanine A, we investigated the mechanisms of extracellular delivery of this alkaloid in P. digitatum. We detected extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by P. digitatum both in culture and during infection of citrus fruits. Compositional analysis of EVs produced during infection revealed the presence of a complex cargo, which included tryptoquialanines and the mycotoxin fungisporin. The EVs also presented phytotoxicity activity in vitro, and caused damage to the tissues of citrus seeds. Through molecular networking, it was observed that the metabolites present in the P. digitatum EVs are produced in all of its possible hosts. Our results reveal a novel phytopathogenic role of P. digitatum EVs and tryptoquialanine A, implying that this alkaloid is exported in EVs during plant infection.IMPORTANCEDuring the post-harvest period, citrus fruits can be affected by phytopathogens such as Penicillium digitatum, which causes the green mold disease and is responsible for up to 90 % of the total citrus losses. Chemical fungicides are widely used to prevent the green mold disease, leading to concerns about environmental and health risks. To develop safer alternatives to control phytopathogens, it is necessary to understand the molecular basis of infection during the host-pathogen interaction. In the P. digitatum model, the virulence strategies are poorly known. Here, we describe the production of phytotoxic extracellular vesicles (EVs) by P. digitatum during the infection of citrus fruits. We also characterized the secondary metabolites in the cargo of EVs and found in this set of molecules an inhibitor of seed germination. Since EVs and secondary metabolites have been related to virulence mechanisms in other host-pathogen interactions, our data are important for the comprehension of how P. digitatum causes damage to its primary hosts.

show abstract

In vitro herbicide activity of crude and fractionated leaf extracts of Blepharocalyx salicifolius (Myrtaceae)

Cited by 5 publications

References 35 publications

Phytotoxic Tryptoquialanines Produced In Vivo by Penicillium digitatum Are Exported in Extracellular Vesicles

Phytotoxic Tryptoquialanines Produced In Vivo by Penicillium digitatum Are Exported in Extracellular Vesicles

Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Efficiency of Swietenia macrophylla Seed Extract on Clinical Wound Pathogens

Phytotoxic tryptoquialanines producedin vivobyPenicillium digitatumare exported in extracellular vesicles

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