In Vitro Evaluation of the Effect of Delaying Toothbrushing With Toothpaste on Enamel Microhardness Subsequent to Bleaching the Teeth With 15% Carbamide Peroxide

Navimipour, EJ; Kimyai, Soodabeh; Nikazar, S; Ghojazadeh, Morteza

doi:10.2341/11-030-l

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…As demineralization was not detected in this study, the increase in roughness that the enamel underwent, which was stated by Cakir et al (2011) [ 1 ]; Izquierdo-Barba et al (2015) [ 8 ]; Souza et al (2010) [ 13 ]; Pedreira de Freitas et al (2010) [ 24 ]; Zimmerman et al (2010) [ 25 ]; Gjorgievska and Nicholson (2011) [ 26 ]; Navimipour et al (2012) [ 27 ]; Navimipour et al (2013) [ 28 ]; and Sa et al (2013) [ 29 ], is probably due to the property of hydrogen peroxide that denatures proteins which are present in the region of interprismatic enamel, creating valleys, as described by Pedreira de Freitas et al (2010) [ 24 ] and Zimmerman et al (2010) [ 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Analysis of the Chemical Modification of Dental Enamel Submitted to 35% Hydrogen Peroxide “In-Office” Whitening, with or without Calcium

Moreira

Santos

et al. 2017

International Journal of Dentistry

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Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in calcium and phosphorus content in dental enamel when subjected to “in-office” whitening for an extended time by using a 35% hydrogen peroxide solution, with and without calcium. Materials and Methods 10 human teeth, from which the roots had been removed, were embedded in epoxy resin, and their surfaces were smoothed. The specimens were divided into two groups; in group 1, a whitening solution without calcium was used, while in group 2, the solution included calcium. Each specimen was evaluated at 6 different points before the bleaching treatment, and these points were reassessed after each session. A total of five sessions were carried out. Concentrations of calcium and phosphorus were measured by using the technique of X-ray fluorescence. Results After performing a statistical analysis, it was found that there was no statistically significant loss of calcium and phosphorus during the whitening treatment, and the groups showed no statistical differences. Conclusion Excessive use of hydrogen peroxide, with or without calcium, causes no loss of calcium and phosphorus.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Analysis of the Chemical Modification of Dental Enamel Submitted to 35% Hydrogen Peroxide “In-Office” Whitening, with or without Calcium

Moreira

Santos

et al. 2017

International Journal of Dentistry

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“…However, in our previous study, which measured enamel microhardness in the same experimental conditions, it was shown that toothbrushing immediately after bleaching has no detrimental effect on enamel microhardness. 34 Another study has demonstrated that toothbrushing with abrasive toothpastes with or without fluoride after bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide increases enamel surface roughness. 2 Therefore, in the present study a low-abrasive fluoridated toothpaste recommended by the bleaching agent manufacturer was used for toothbrushing in all the groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Delaying Toothbrushing During Bleaching on Enamel Surface Roughness: An In Vitro Study

Navimipour

Mohammadi

Mostafazadeh

et al. 2013

Operative Dentistry

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SUMMARY This study aimed to evaluate the effect of toothbrushing on enamel surface roughness at three different intervals after daily bleaching treatment. Eighty enamel slabs were initially evaluated for surface roughness and then randomly divided into four groups. The bleaching procedure was carried out for 21 days, six hours daily. In the control group (group 1), the specimens were not brushed after bleaching, but in groups 2–4, they were brushed with toothpaste immediately, one hour, or two hours after bleaching, respectively. Then the specimens were stored in artificial saliva. Enamel surface roughness was reevaluated at the end of the period. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests showed statistically significant differences in the means of surface roughness values between the immediately brushed group and the three other groups (p<0.001). Daily toothbrushing immediately after bleaching increased enamel surface roughness; however, postponing the procedure for one or two hours after daily bleaching and exposing the specimens to artificial saliva during the study period resulted in enamel surface roughness comparable to that of the control group.

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“…Based on our SEM results, it can be observed, with the exception of the group that only used brushing with toothpaste and whitening pen, that all the groups in the study suffered modifications in the enamel's surface (accepting therefore the hypothesis of our second variable); interestingly these same groups suffered significant decrease in the Vickers hardness, showing loss in the mineral of the enamel as well as visible changes in the morphology of the surface. A possible explanation for this phenomenon is that the whitening process is produced by the oxidation of the pigments that are found in the dental enamel by the chemical products that are found in the whitening agents (22). In our search for literature, no articles were found that evaluate the effects that the oral hygiene auxiliaries and the whitening effects have on the micro-hardness and surface of the dental enamel.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Enamel After the Use of Oral Hygiene Auxiliaries with Whiteners

Zavala-Alonso

Ramírez-González

Ramírez-Vergara

et al. 2019

Odovtos - Int J Dent Sc

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the use of the combined auxiliaries of oral hygiene with whitening agents on the micro-hardness and micro-morphology of dental enamel. Materials and Methods. 40 human incisors were used and sectioned to obtain 4x4mm samples and divided into four study groups. Group 1: Electric brushing with Toothpaste (BTP); Group 2: Electric brushing with Toothpaste+mouthwash (BTP+MW); Group 3: Electric brushing with Toothpaste+whitening pen (BTP+WP); Group 4: Electric brushing with Toothpaste+mouth wash+whitening pen (BTP+MW+WP). Samples were submitted toVickers micro-hardness test and visualized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results. All groups, with the exception of group 1, showed a decrease in microhardness values after applying the treatments (p<0.05). Likewise, when comparing the values after the treatments between the groups, significant statistical differences were found in all of comparisons except for those of groups 2 and 4. SEM images showed changes in the morphology in all the study groups with the exception of group 1. Conclusion. Significant changes such as decrease in micro-hardness as well as in the topography of the enamel surface such as elevations, craters, porosities and etching patterns were founded after the use of the combination of auxiliaries of oral hygiene with whitening agents.

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In Vitro Evaluation of the Effect of Delaying Toothbrushing With Toothpaste on Enamel Microhardness Subsequent to Bleaching the Teeth With 15% Carbamide Peroxide

Cited by 11 publications

References 15 publications

Analysis of the Chemical Modification of Dental Enamel Submitted to 35% Hydrogen Peroxide “In-Office” Whitening, with or without Calcium

Analysis of the Chemical Modification of Dental Enamel Submitted to 35% Hydrogen Peroxide “In-Office” Whitening, with or without Calcium

Effect of Delaying Toothbrushing During Bleaching on Enamel Surface Roughness: An In Vitro Study

Characterization of Enamel After the Use of Oral Hygiene Auxiliaries with Whiteners

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