In vitro effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on cyclooxygenase activity in dogs

Abstract

COX-1 and COX-2 were differentially sensitive to inhibition in vitro by NSAID. Meloxicam and tolfenamic acid were selective for COX-2. Effects of carprofen and ketoprofen approached equipotency against both isoenzymes. Selective COX-2 inhibitors are a new class of drugs with anti-inflammatory effects similar to conventional NSAID but with fewer adverse effects. Development of these agents for veterinary use would be facilitated by the convenience of using a canine cell line as a model system to screen COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitor activities in vitro.

Effects of Carprofen and Meloxicam with or without Butorphanol on the Minimum Alveolar Concentration of Sevoflurane in Dogs

“…Arterial blood pressure should be monitored and maintained within a normal range during anesthesia when carprofen or meloxicam are administered with butorphanol as premedication for dogs. Both clinical doses of carprofen and meloxicam provide effective postoperative analgesia when preoperatively administered [17][18][19], although meloxicam has higher in vitro selectivity of COX-2 inhibition than carprofen in dogs [5,15]. We also did not find any difference in sevofluranesparing effect between the treatments with carprofen alone and meloxicam alone, and between carprofen with butorphanol and meloxicam with butorphanol in dogs.…”

“…NSAIDs are classified depending on the activity of each isoform as nonselective COX inhibitors and COX-2 selective inhibitors [6]. Carprofen and meloxicam are COX-2 selective inhibitors that have been shown to produce analgesic effects with minimal side effect in dogs [5,6,15,34]. Their preoperative administration to dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy has been reported to produce a greater analgesic effect in the early postoperative period than does postoperative administration [18,19].…”

Comparison of flunixin meglumine and meloxicam influence on postoperative and oxidative stress in ovariohysterectomized bitches

“…In the present study, it has been hypothesized that NSAIDs which preferentially inhibit different COX isoenzymes (COX-1 or COX-2) can have various response to prevent probable postoperative and oxidative stress in dogs. Therefore, this study was designed to compare the effect of flunixin meglumine (FM), a nonselective inhibitor of COX-1 and COX-2 (Brideau et al 2001) and meloxicam (M), a selective COX-2 inhibitor (Kay-Mugford et al 2000) on cortisol, nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), antioxidant potential (AOP) and glutation (GSH) concentrations in blood collected at different time intervals during and after the OHE.…”

The Interaction between Orally Administered Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Prednisolone in Healthy Dogs

“…Ketoprofen is a relatively selective COX-1 inhibitor [20,33,41]; adverse effects such as mild to moderate gastric mucosal injuries and renal hypofunction have been described [30,31]. On the other hand, meloxicam, an NSAID of the oxicam group, has a comparable analgesic effect to ketoprofen in dogs [5], and is also approved in Japan for the treatment of chronic inflammatory musculoskeletal conditions in dogs [32].…”

“…On the other hand, meloxicam, an NSAID of the oxicam group, has a comparable analgesic effect to ketoprofen in dogs [5], and is also approved in Japan for the treatment of chronic inflammatory musculoskeletal conditions in dogs [32]. Meloxicam is a selective COX-2 inhibitor [20,33] and exhibits markedly reduced gastrointestinal tract adverse effects [10]. It is currently thought that the undesirable adverse effects of NSAIDs are due to inhibition of COX-1, especially in the gastrointestinal tract, and that inhibition of COX-2 is mainly responsible for pain control, due to its pathophysiological role in pain [37].…”