In Vitro Activities of Gatifloxacin, Two Other Quinolones, and Five Nonquinolone Antimicrobials against Obligately Anaerobic Bacteria

Schaumann, Reiner; Ackermann, Grit; Pless, B.; Claros, Marina C.; Rodloff, Arne C.

doi:10.1128/aac.43.11.2783

Cited by 26 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…[12] and Erwin et al. [13] found values similar to ours, with a gatifloxacin MIC 90 of 4 mg/L instead of 1 mg/L, the gatifloxacin MIC 90 reported by other authors [14,15]. The MIC 90 values of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron in this study were in agreement with most studies [12–14].…”

Section: Activity Of Eight Antibiotics Against Gram‐negative Anaerobessupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In contrast, for Prevotella bivia , the MIC 50 was 4 mg/L [15,16]. Variable susceptibility of species within the Prevotella group to gatifloxacin may explain the large range of MIC 50 and MIC 90 values noted in the literature [11,14,15]. The same heterogeneity has been noted for fusobacteria.…”

Section: Activity Of Eight Antibiotics Against Gram‐negative Anaerobesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vitro activity of gatifloxacin, a new fluoroquinolone, against 204 anaerobes compared to seven other compounds

Dubreuil¹,

Behra-Miellet²,

Neut³

et al. 2003

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

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The activity of gatifloxacin, a new fluoroquinolone derivative, was compared with the activities of ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, imipenem, clindamycin and metronidazole against 204 anaerobes isolated from clinical specimens, by MIC determination, using the reference agar dilution method. When determining the overall activity against anaerobes, the MIC50/90 (mg/L) values were amoxicillin 16/>64, amoxicillin-clavulanate 0.125/1, imipenem 0.25/0.5, clindamycin 0.5/>256, metronidazole 1/8, ciprofloxacin 2/32, levofloxacin 1/8 and gatifloxacin 0.5/4. The broad in vitro spectrum of gatifloxacin is promising for the treatment of mixed anaerobic infections, especially those of the respiratory tract, ear, sinus, skin and soft tissues, and bite wounds. These data suggest that gatifloxacin may have a clinical role in the treatment of infections in which anaerobic pathogens are involved.

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Section: Activity Of Eight Antibiotics Against Gram‐negative Anaerobessupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Activity Of Eight Antibiotics Against Gram‐negative Anaerobesmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro activity of gatifloxacin, a new fluoroquinolone, against 204 anaerobes compared to seven other compounds

Dubreuil¹,

Behra-Miellet²,

Neut³

et al. 2003

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

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“…19,28,29,34,37,[53][54][55][56][57][58][59] It is approximately 4-16 times more active than ciprofloxacin against B. fragilis and 2-4 times more active than levofloxacin; however, it appears to be 1-2 times less active than trovafloxacin or moxifloxacin. 19,28,29,34,37,[53][54][55][56][57][58][59] Gatifloxacin has good activity against Clostridium sp, with MIC 90 s of 0.25-1.0 mg/L against C. perfringens; similar activity was reported against Peptococcus and Peptostreptococcus. 19,28,34,37,53,59 Overall, its anaerobic activity is greater than that of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin and less than that of trovafloxacin and moxifloxacin, although the clinical usefulness of this activity has yet to be demonstrated.…”

Section: Anaerobic and Other Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Gatifloxacin, an Advanced 8‐Methoxy Fluoroquinolone

Fish¹,

North²

2001

Pharmacotherapy

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Gatifloxacin is a new 8-methoxy-fluoroquinolone antibiotic approved for use in the United States in December 1999. It has a broad spectrum of activity with potent activity against gram-positive bacteria, including penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, as well as excellent activity against gram-negative and atypical organisms. Gatifloxacin is available in both oral and injectable forms and is administered once/day. Bioavailability is 96%, with a plasma half-life of approximately 8 hours in individuals with normal renal function. Elimination is primarily renal excretion of unchanged drug with no cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism. The drug is distributed extensively into tissues and fluids and has a favorable pharmacodynamic profile against important pathogens. It had excellent efficacy in clinical studies of acute sinusitis, acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, community-acquired pneumonia, complicated and uncomplicated urinary tract infections and pyelonephritis, skin and skin structure infections, and uncomplicated gonococcal infections. The agent is well tolerated, with no evidence of hepatic, cardiac, or phototoxicity noted thus far. Drug interactions are uncommon; however, like other fluoroquinolones, coadministration with multivalent cations should be avoided due to significantly decreased absorption. Gatifloxacin should prove to be a safe and effective agent for a wide variety of infections.

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“…[8–10] Like other quinolones, gatifloxacin penetrates well into leukocytes, which can deliver active drug to sites of infection and play an important role in the treatment of intracellular pathogens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress Induced by Fluoroquinolones on Treatment for Complicated Urinary Tract Infections in Indian Patients

Talla¹,

Veerareddy²

2011

Journal of Young Pharmacists

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The aim of the study is to examine the oxidative stress in patients on fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, gatifloxacin) therapy for complicated urinary tract infections and to correlate with plasma concentrations at different time intervals. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione, plasma antioxidant status and lipid peroxides were evaluated in 52 patients on different dosage regimens up to 5 days. There is significant and gradual elevation of lipid peroxide levels in patients on ciprofloxacin (3.6 ± 0.34 nmol/ml to 6.2 ± 0.94 nmol/ml) and levofloxacin (3.5 ± 0.84 nmol/ml to 5.1 ± 0.28 nmol/ml) dosage regimen but not with gatifloxacin (3.5 ± 0.84 nmol/ml to 3.74 ± 0.17 nmol.ml). There was substantial depletion in both SOD and glutathione levels particularly with ciprofloxacin. On the 5th day of treatment, plasma antioxidant status decreased by 77.6% %, 50.5%, 7.56% for ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and gatifloxacin respectively. In conclusion ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin induce more reactive oxygen species that lead to cell damage than gatifloxacin irrespective of their concentrations in patient population.

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In Vitro Activities of Gatifloxacin, Two Other Quinolones, and Five Nonquinolone Antimicrobials against Obligately Anaerobic Bacteria

Cited by 26 publications

References 22 publications

In vitro activity of gatifloxacin, a new fluoroquinolone, against 204 anaerobes compared to seven other compounds

In vitro activity of gatifloxacin, a new fluoroquinolone, against 204 anaerobes compared to seven other compounds

Gatifloxacin, an Advanced 8‐Methoxy Fluoroquinolone

Oxidative Stress Induced by Fluoroquinolones on Treatment for Complicated Urinary Tract Infections in Indian Patients

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