Oxidative Stress Induced by Fluoroquinolones on Treatment for Complicated Urinary Tract Infections in Indian Patients

Talla, Venu; Veerareddy, Prabhakar Reddy

doi:10.4103/0975-1483.90242

Cited by 60 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Similarly, in the study evaluating the protective effect of methylsulfonylmethane in liver damage caused by acetaminophen showed increased AST, ALT, MPO, MDA and decreased SOD and total GSH-Px levels [32]. In patients receiving ciprofloxacin therapy, lipid peroxide levels significantly increased; reduced activities of glutathione and SOD; also with the duration of treatment further increased lipid peroxide levels, activities of glutathione and SOD levels were significantly decreased [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Evaluation of the Protective Effect of Silibinin in Rats with Liver Damage Caused by Itraconazole

Sözen

Çelik

Çetin

et al. 2014

Cell Biochem Biophys

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Itraconazole (ITZ) belongs to the triazole group of antifungals with potent keratinophilic and lipophilic features. Hepatotoxicity is one of its most remarkable features. Silibinin (SIL) is a plant used worldwide which is used in the treatment of many liver diseases and it is especially very well known for its hepatoprotective-cytoprotective effect. The aim of our study was to research the protective effect of SIL in ITZ-induced hepatotoxicity using biochemical and pathological tests. Liver enzymes and antioxidant enzyme activities were measured spectrophotometrically by using commercial kits. ALT and AST levels in ITZ group were significantly increased compared to the group, while the activities of GSH-Px and SOD had decreased (p < 0.05). When ITZ group was compared to ITZ + SIL group, AST, ALT, and levels of NO and MPO were significantly decreased, while the activities of GSH-Px and SOD were increased (p < 0.05). Histopathological evaluation showed that SIL significantly decreased periportal inflammation and parenchymal hepatocyte apoptosis in ITZ and ITZ + SIL groups (p < 0.05). Eventhough not statistically significant, partial improvement with the use of SIL has been detected (p > 0.05) in hepatocyte degeneration and multinuclear giant cell formation. According to the evaluation performed with comet assay method, ITZ leads to DNA damage, and the use of SIL significantly decreases DNA damage (p < 0.05). We have detected that the use of ITZ increases oxidative stress (MPO, NO), decreases antioxidant activity (SOD and GSH-Px), and leads to DNA damage and histopathological liver damage, whereas the use of SIL has a cytoprotective effect on the liver by increasing the antioxidant effect (SOD, GSH-Px) and by decreasing the oxidative stress (NO, MPO). ITZ causes the generation of ROS and leads to DNA damage and liver damage. SIL has a cytoprotective effect on the liver by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities, preventing the formation of ROS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Evaluation of the Protective Effect of Silibinin in Rats with Liver Damage Caused by Itraconazole

Sözen

Çelik

Çetin

et al. 2014

Cell Biochem Biophys

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“…Our study has confirmed that ED and EL plasma concentration were quantifiable in the flaxseed group with the ED and EL levels at or greater than seen previously. While FS metabolites generally reach a plateau in the plasma within 3 weeks of supplementation in our murine models [ 17 ], the drop in levels shown here may be secondary to poor adherence to the diet or other biochemical factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Dietary Flaxseed in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Chemoradiation

et al. 2013

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PurposeThe standard of care in Locally-Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (LA-NSCLC) is chemotherapy and radiation; however, Radiation-Induced Lung Injury (RILI), which may be prevented by the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties of Flaxseed (FS), impedes its maximum benefit.Materials and MethodsPatients with LA-NSCLC requiring definitive RT were randomized to one FS or control muffin daily from start to 2 weeks after RT. Blood and urine were collected to quantify plasma FS metabolites, Enterodione (ED) and Enterolactone (EL), and urinary oxidative stress biomarkers, 8, 12-iso-iPF2a-VI (isoprostane) and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dGuo). Tolerability was defined as consuming ≥ 75% of the intended muffins and no ≥ grade 3 gastrointestinal toxicities.ResultsFourteen patients (control,7; FS,7) were enrolled. The tolerability rates were 42.9 versus 71.4% (p=0.59) for FS and control, respectively. Mean percentages of intended number of muffins consumed were 37% versus 73% (p=0.12). ED and EL increased at onset of FS and decreased with discontinuation, confirming bioavailability. Isoprostane and 8-oxo-dGuo were detectable. There was a trend towards decreased rates of pneumonitis in FS.ConclusionsThis is the first study to report FS bioavailability and quantify oxidative stress markers in NSCLC patients. FS in the administered muffin formulation did not meet tolerability criteria. Given the promising mechanism of FS as a radioprotectant, further investigations should focus on the optimal method for administration of FS.

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“…3a). Reports also suggests that in acute infection i.e., for 60 and 90 mins Ciprofloxacin increases the SOD activity leading to more production of H 2 O 2 from more generated superoxide anion [42]. A study investigated the effect of Riboflavin therapy on diabetic cardiomyopathy documented that Riboflavin can increase SOD activity in the heart tissue [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Riboflavin along with antibiotics balances reactive oxygen species and inflammatory cytokines and controls Staphylococcus aureus infection by boosting murine macrophage function and regulates inflammation

Dey

Bishayi

2016

J Inflamm

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BackgroundMacrophages serve as intracellular reservoirs of S. aureus. Recent in vitro studies have confirmed high level resistance by S. aureus to macrophage mediated killing and the intracellular persistence of Staphylococci may play an important role in the pathogenesis. Since this localization protects them from both cell-mediated and humoral immune responses, therefore, a successful anti-staphylococcal therapy should include the elimination of intracellular bacteria, further protecting the host cells from staphylococci-induced cell death. So, only antibiotic therapy may not be helpful, successful therapy needs combination of drugs not only for elimination of pathogen but also for rescuing the host cell for S. aureus induced cell death.MethodsIn keeping with this idea an in vitro study has been done to examine the effect of Riboflavin along with antibiotics on phagocytosis, hydorgen peroxide, superoxide production, antioxidant enzyme levels, and cytokine levels in mouse macrophages for amelioration of the Staphylococcus aureus burden. The immune boosting effects of Riboflavin have been validated through perturbations of redox homeostasis and pro-inflammatory cytokines measurements.ResultsIt was observed that the supplementation of Vitamin B-2 (Riboflavin) not only enhances macrophage function as previously reported but also decreases pro-inflammatory responses in Staphylococcus aureus infected macrophages. The observed influence of Riboflavin on enhanced antimicrobial effects such as enhanced phagocytosis of macrophages exposed to S. aureus, hydrogen peroxide or superoxide production when combined with either ciprofloxacin (CIP) or Azithromycin (AZM) and decrease in pro-inflammatory responses of IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-1β. Riboflavin treatment also decreased NO and TNF-α level possibly by inhibiting the NF-κβ pathway. The increased antioxidant enzymes like glutathione reductase, SOD and GSH level helped in maintaining a stable redox state in the cell.ConclusionRiboflavin plus antibiotic pretreatment not only enhances macrophage functions but also decreases proinflammatory responses in Staphylococcus aureus infected macrophages indicating better bacterial clearance and regulated inflammation which may be considered as a novel and important therapeutic intervention.

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Oxidative Stress Induced by Fluoroquinolones on Treatment for Complicated Urinary Tract Infections in Indian Patients

Cited by 60 publications

References 30 publications

Evaluation of the Protective Effect of Silibinin in Rats with Liver Damage Caused by Itraconazole

Evaluation of the Protective Effect of Silibinin in Rats with Liver Damage Caused by Itraconazole

Dietary Flaxseed in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Chemoradiation

Riboflavin along with antibiotics balances reactive oxygen species and inflammatory cytokines and controls Staphylococcus aureus infection by boosting murine macrophage function and regulates inflammation

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