Nanofiltration (NF)
membranes have attracted significant attention
owing to their widespread applications in water treatment and seawater
desalination. However, challenges still remain in improving their
antifouling performance and water permeation. Here, a sulfobetaine-based
zwitterion with polyhydroxy groups was designed and synthesized successfully.
Then, the NF membranes were modified by the reaction of the hydroxyl
group of the zwitterion and the acid chloride group on the surface
of the initial NF membrane. Hence, the hydrophilicity of the NF membrane
was significantly enhanced and resulted in the high promotion of nanofiltration
performance and antifouling property. Besides, the flux of the modified
NF membrane (A2) reached 9.28 L m–2 h–1 bar–1, which was 2.2 times higher than the flux
of pristine NF membrane (A0). Nevertheless, the rejection showed a
slight decrease. Also, the modified NF membrane possessed excellent
fouling resistance to protein; the flux recovery ratio was nearly
98% after the membrane was treated with bovine serum albumin for 2.5
cycles. The excellent water flux and fouling resistance of this NF
membrane advanced its application in wastewater treatment.