Improving the Reliability of Optimal In-Feed Amino Acid Ratios Based on Individual Amino Acid Efficiency Data from N Balance Studies in Growing Chicken

Abstract

Simple SummaryDietary amino acid concentration should closely meet the quantitative requirement of animals dependent on genotype, gender, age, aimed performance and housing conditions. Both under- and over-supply yield impaired efficacy of individual amino acid utilization and increase the nitrogen excretion. Hence, for optimal feed formulation, a validated knowledge about adequacy of dietary amino acid balance is necessary. Present studies contribute toward ensuring ideal amino acid ratios in diets for growing broiler chicken making use of a new amino acid efficiency-based procedure.AbstractThree consecutive nitrogen balance experiments with fast-growing male broiler chickens (ROSS 308), both during starter and grower periods, were conducted to determine the ideal ratios of several indispensable amino acids relative to lysine. The control diets based on corn, wheat, fishmeal, field peas, wheat gluten and soybean oil were formulated by computer optimizing to meet the assumed ideal amino acid ratios and to fulfill both the energy and nutrient requirements of growing chicken. According to principles of the diet dilution technique, balanced control diets were diluted by wheat starch and refilled by crystalline amino acids and remaining feed ingredients, except the amino acid under study. The lysine, threonine, tryptophan, arginine, isoleucine and valine diluted diets resulted in significantly lower protein quality as compared to control diet, especially following increased dietary lysine supply (experiments II and III) and stronger amino acid dilution (experiment III). Accordingly, the limiting position of individual amino acids was confirmed, and the derived amino acid efficiency data were utilized to derive ideal amino acid ratios for the starter period: Lys (100): Thr (60): Trp (19): Arg (105): Ile (55): Val (63); and the grower period: Lys (100): Thr (62): Trp (17): Arg (105): Ile (65): Val (79).

Age and Gender Depending Growth of Feathers and Feather-Free Body in Modern Fast Growing Meat-Type Chickens

“…The starter and grower diet (Table 1) was based on corn, wheat, soybean meal, Liebert [45]. In case of histidine, leucine and phenylalanine the observed individual AA ratios to lysine exceeded the IAAR due to the elevated content in the ingredients.…”

Прогнозування Потреби Ремонтного Молодняку Птиці У Гліцині

“…Особливу увагу слід приділити вирішенню задачі раціонального використання одного з найдорожчих компонентів у складі кормів для птиці -протеїну. Інтенсивність синтезу білків органів і тканин птиці знаходиться у прямій залежності від надходження повноцінного протеїну з кормом (Kriukov, 1997;Wecke, Liebert, 2013;Honcharenko, ). Багатьма дослідженнями на сьогодні встановлено той факт, що повноцінність протеїну корму залежить від його амінокислотного складу, зокрема вмісту в ньому незамінних амінокислот.…”

Invited review: Further progress is needed in procedures for the biological evaluation of dietary protein quality in pig and poultry feeds

“…(5) . Lysine 100 100 Threonine 60 62 Tryptophan 19 17 Arginine 105 105 Isoleucine 55 65 Valine 63 79 directly via individual AA requirements and directly by relating the observed AA efficiency data (model parameter bc −1 ) as reported recently (Samadi and Liebert, 2008;Pastor et al, 2013;Wecke and Liebert, 2013;Khan et al, 2015;. According to Samadi and Liebert (2008), the reciprocal relationship between Lys efficiency (as reference AA) and the observed efficiency of the individual LAA under study is utilized to derive optimal dietary AA ratios (Eq.…”

“…Equation (4) is widely applied for assessing quantitative AA requirement data in both earlier Liebert and Gebhardt, 1988;Thong and Liebert, 2004a-c;Liebert, 2006a, b, 2007a, b;Liebert, 2009;Liebert, 2009, 2010) and recent studies (Pastor et al, 2013;Wecke and Liebert, 2013;Khan et al, 2015;Dorigam et al, 2017;Samadi et al, 2017). An important precondition for validated conclusions is that experimental data are available which describe the NR or ND response to a defined LAAI at a specific level of dietary efficiency of the LAA, as reflected by the model parameter (bc −1 ).…”

“…Baker, 2003;Wecke and Liebert, 2013;Wecke et al, 2016). The individual indispensable AAs have to be related to a reference AA, mostly lysine (Lys), which is almost exclusively utilized for body protein deposition in growing animals.…”