Improving the Processes of Preheating and Heating after the Vehicular Engine Start by Using Heating System with Phase-Transitional Thermal Accumulator

Improving the Vehicular Engine Pre-Start and After-Start Heating by Using the Combined Heating System

“…These modes are: (1) heating in an idling mode; (2) heating in an idling mode with electrical consumers switched on; (3) heating in an idling mode with gradual heating in motion; (4) heating in motion. The study of the vehicle heating according to the above-mentioned modes is detailed in [1,[16][17][18][19].…”

“…In evaluating different options of the CSPSH operation the following considerations were taken into account. The combined heating system is a combination of five independent subsystems: the utilization of thermal energy of EG (with TA), rapid heating of the engine, contact thermal accumulator, thermal accumulator for storing motor oil and thermal accumulator for storing a coolant [1,[16][17][18][19]. The first two subsystems, working together, provide the work of TA with accelerated circulation of the coolant, motor oil and standard systems of the truck engine 8FS 9.2/8 during pre-start and after-start heating of the truck.…”

“…Based on the developed algorithms for pre-start and after-start heating of the engine coolant and motor oil, 19 combinations of options were suggested to analyze the sets of components of the developed combined heating system ( Table 1) [1,2,5,12,[15][16][17][18][19]. Thus, for all options during pre-start and after-start heating of the engine with CSPSH mode parameters of its work were estimated.…”

“…The authors developed a mathematical model [1,5,10,[11][12][13] for the estimation studies (Figure 3). It is based on a systems approach used in the processes of the vehicular thermal development when using phase-transitional thermal accumulators [1,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

Dynamic loading of the tank container on a flat wagon considering fittings displacement relating to the stops

“…The increase in the volume of fluid cargo transportations towards the international transport corridors foreshows an increase in the level of demand for container-cisterns. In connection with this, there is a need to develop and put into operation new tank-containers with improved technical and economic indicators [1][2][3][4][5].…”