Improving the corrosion behavior of magnesium alloys with a focus on AZ91 Mg alloy intended for biomedical application by microstructure modification and coating

Akbarzadeh, Fatemeh; Ghomi, Erfan Rezvani; Ramakrishna, Seeram

doi:10.1177/09544119221105705

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 93 publications

(242 reference statements)

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“…Currently, degradable metallic materials primarily include magnesium (Mg) alloys, iron (Fe) alloys, and zinc (Zn) alloys [3]. Mg alloys degrade rapidly and produce hydrogen (H 2 ), which can inhibit tissue growth and healing [4]. Fe alloys degrade slowly, but the formation of cytotoxic Fe(OH) 3 and the magnetic properties hindering MRI examinations limit their clinical use [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Printing of a Porous Zn-1Mg-0.1Sr Alloy Scaffold: A Study on Mechanical Properties, Degradability, and Biosafety

Cao,

Wang,

Chen

et al. 2024

JFB

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In recent years, the use of zinc (Zn) alloys as degradable metal materials has attracted considerable attention in the field of biomedical bone implant materials. This study investigates the fabrication of porous scaffolds using a Zn-1Mg-0.1Sr alloy through a three-dimensional (3D) printing technique, selective laser melting (SLM). The results showed that the porous Zn-1Mg-0.1Sr alloy scaffold featured a microporous structure and exhibited a compressive strength (CS) of 33.71 ± 2.51 MPa, a yield strength (YS) of 27.88 ± 1.58 MPa, and an elastic modulus (E) of 2.3 ± 0.8 GPa. During the immersion experiments, the immersion solution showed a concentration of 2.14 ± 0.82 mg/L for Zn2+ and 0.34 ± 0.14 mg/L for Sr2+, with an average pH of 7.61 ± 0.09. The porous Zn-1Mg-0.1Sr alloy demonstrated a weight loss of 12.82 ± 0.55% and a corrosion degradation rate of 0.36 ± 0.01 mm/year in 14 days. The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to check the viability of the cells. The results showed that the 10% and 20% extracts significantly increased the activity of osteoblast precursor cells (MC3T3-E1), with a cytotoxicity grade of 0, which indicates safety and non-toxicity. In summary, the porous Zn-1Mg-0.1Sr alloy scaffold exhibits outstanding mechanical properties, an appropriate degradation rate, and favorable biosafety, making it an ideal candidate for degradable metal bone implants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Printing of a Porous Zn-1Mg-0.1Sr Alloy Scaffold: A Study on Mechanical Properties, Degradability, and Biosafety

Cao,

Wang,

Chen

et al. 2024

JFB

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“…Controlling the degradation rate of magnesium implants is crucial to match the tissue healing process, and achieving a predictable degradation profile can be challenging. There are two substantial strategies to overcome these limitations: (i) the development of novel Mg-based alloys and (ii) the formation of protective coatings that control the degradation rate [4,[7][8][9]. Application of rare earth elements (such as yttrium and gadolinium), zirconium, manganese, zinc, calcium, lithium, and strontium, can significantly increase mechanical properties and decrease the degradation rate of new Mg alloys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Safety of New Coating for Biodegradable Magnesium Implants

Dryhval,

Husak,

Sulaieva

et al. 2023

Materials

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Biodegradable Magnesium (Mg) implants are promising alternatives to permanent metallic prosthesis. To improve the biocompatibility and with the aim of degradation control, we provided Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) of pure Mg implant in silicate-based solution with NaOH (S1 250 V) and Ca(OH)2 (S2 300 V). Despite the well-structured surface, S1 250 V implants induced enormous innate immunity reaction with the prevalence of neutrophils (MPO+) and M1-macrophages (CD68+), causing secondary alteration and massive necrosis in the peri-implant area in a week. This reaction was also accompanied by systemic changes in visceral organs affecting animals’ survival after seven days of the experiment. In contrast, S2 300 V implantation was associated with focal lymphohistiocytic infiltration and granulation tissue formation, defining a more favorable outcome. This reaction was associated with the prevalence of M2-macrophages (CD163+) and high density of αSMA+ myofibroblasts, implying a resolution of inflammation and effective tissue repair at the site of the implantation. At 30 days, no remnants of S2 300 V implants were found, suggesting complete resorption with minor histological changes in peri-implant tissues. In conclusion, Ca(OH)2-contained silicate-based solution allows generating biocompatible coating reducing toxicity and immunogenicity with appropriate degradation properties that make it a promising candidate for medical applications.

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“…Among these materials, magnesium-based and Zn-based materials are the most suitable biomaterials for the fabrication of biodegradable devices. Their rapid degradation, as well as the excessive release of degradation products of magnesium-based biomaterials, has limited their use in biomedical applications [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. Biodegradable Zn alloys show medium degradation rates ( DR ) in contrast to magnesium-based biodegradable materials; their biodegradation products are fully biodegradable without releasing excessive hydrogen gas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments in Zn-Based Biodegradable Materials for Biomedical Applications

Hussain

Ullah

Raza

et al. 2022

JFB

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Zn-based biodegradable alloys or composites have the potential to be developed to next-generation orthopedic implants as alternatives to conventional implants to avoid revision surgeries and to reduce biocompatibility issues. This review summarizes the current research status on Zn-based biodegradable materials. The biological function of Zn, design criteria for orthopedic implants, and corrosion behavior of biodegradable materials are briefly discussed. The performance of many novel zinc-based biodegradable materials is evaluated in terms of biodegradation, biocompatibility, and mechanical properties. Zn-based materials perform a significant role in bone metabolism and the growth of new cells and show medium degradation without the release of excessive hydrogen. The addition of alloying elements such as Mg, Zr, Mn, Ca, and Li into pure Zn enhances the mechanical properties of Zn alloys. Grain refinement by the application of post-processing techniques is effective for the development of many suitable Zn-based biodegradable materials.

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Improving the corrosion behavior of magnesium alloys with a focus on AZ91 Mg alloy intended for biomedical application by microstructure modification and coating

Cited by 9 publications

References 93 publications

3D Printing of a Porous Zn-1Mg-0.1Sr Alloy Scaffold: A Study on Mechanical Properties, Degradability, and Biosafety

3D Printing of a Porous Zn-1Mg-0.1Sr Alloy Scaffold: A Study on Mechanical Properties, Degradability, and Biosafety

In Vivo Safety of New Coating for Biodegradable Magnesium Implants

Recent Developments in Zn-Based Biodegradable Materials for Biomedical Applications

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