Recent Developments in Zn-Based Biodegradable Materials for Biomedical Applications

Abstract

Zn-based biodegradable alloys or composites have the potential to be developed to next-generation orthopedic implants as alternatives to conventional implants to avoid revision surgeries and to reduce biocompatibility issues. This review summarizes the current research status on Zn-based biodegradable materials. The biological function of Zn, design criteria for orthopedic implants, and corrosion behavior of biodegradable materials are briefly discussed. The performance of many novel zinc-based biodegradable materials is evaluated in terms of biodegradation, biocompatibility, and mechanical properties. Zn-based materials perform a significant role in bone metabolism and the growth of new cells and show medium degradation without the release of excessive hydrogen. The addition of alloying elements such as Mg, Zr, Mn, Ca, and Li into pure Zn enhances the mechanical properties of Zn alloys. Grain refinement by the application of post-processing techniques is effective for the development of many suitable Zn-based biodegradable materials.

Combining Copper and Zinc into a Biosensor for Anti-Chemoresistance and Achieving Osteosarcoma Therapeutic Efficacy

“…In contrast, excessive Zn2+ inhibits electron delivery to uncoupled mitochondria and suppresses cytocompatibility [65]. Meanwhile, Zn2+ has biphasic effects on cell proliferation, adhesion, and viability [66][67].…”

“…This divalent zinc ion Zn2+ has an electron affinity that is similar to but not identical to that of the copper ion Cu2+, which eliminates the possibility of free radical reactions [86][87]. Despite the wide range of ZBD therapies, OSTs are highlighted [67]. In particular, zinc maintains normal endothelial integrity by using basic fibroblast growth factor to stimulate endothelial cell proliferation [67].…”

“…Despite the wide range of ZBD therapies, OSTs are highlighted [67]. In particular, zinc maintains normal endothelial integrity by using basic fibroblast growth factor to stimulate endothelial cell proliferation [67]. Many studies show zinc can stimulate bone formation and mineralization, interact with vial hormones for bone growth, and improve osteoblast differentiation [66].…”

Combining Copper and Zinc into a Biosensor for Anti-Chemoresistance and Achieving Osteosarcoma Therapeutic Efficacy

“…In contrast, excessive Zn 2+ inhibits electron delivery to uncoupled mitochondria and suppresses cytocompatibility [ 62 ]. Meanwhile, Zn 2+ has biphasic effects on cell proliferation, adhesion, and viability [ 63 , 64 ].…”

“…This divalent zinc ion Zn 2+ has an electron affinity that is similar to but not identical to that of the copper ion Cu 2+ , which eliminates the possibility of free radical reactions [ 83 , 84 ]. Despite the wide range of ZBD therapies, OSTs are highlighted [ 64 ]. In particular, zinc maintains normal endothelial integrity by using basic fibroblast growth factor to stimulate endothelial cell proliferation [ 64 ].…”