Improvement of Methodical Approaches to Investigation of Anthrax Burials and Animal Burial sites

Дугаржапова, З. Ф.; Chesnokova, M. V.; Иванова, Т. А.; Косилко, С. А.; Балахонов, С. В.

doi:10.21055/0370-1069-2019-4-41-47

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…For this reason, the sanitary surveillance of Siberian anthrax cattle burials has been reinforced and strengthened in the conditions of ongoing climate change. The boundaries of sanitary protection zones have been specified and updated, and modern methods of sanitary monitoring have been developed for permafrost territories [37]. Paleolithic viruses can also be released in ambient air during permafrost degradation.…”

Section: Global Warming Permafrost Degradation and Infectious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risks for Public Health and Social Infrastructure in Russian Arctic under Climate Change and Permafrost Degradation

2022

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This study analyzes the risks to public health and life quality in the conditions of permafrost degradation caused by the ongoing climate change in the Russian Arctic. There are more than 200 Siberian anthrax cattle burial grounds in the Russian permafrost regions. Permafrost degradation poses the risks of thawing of frozen carcasses of the infected animals and propagation of infectious diseases. Permafrost degradation leads to infiltration of toxic waste in the environment. Such waste contains mercury, which migrates into the rivers and forms methylmercury (MeHg) in fish. Other risks associated with permafrost degradation include damage to the existing social infrastructure (housing, health-care facilities, roads, etc.). Various risks to public well-being that emerge because of permafrost degradation were addressed in this study. Relative hazard indices were developed and calculated to characterize the probability of outbreaks of Siberian anthrax in the future. These indices linked the rates of permafrost degradation and the number of Siberian anthrax cattle burials to the potential hazard of re-emergence of Siberian anthrax among local populations in 70 municipal districts under the ongoing warming. The expected damage to public housing, health-care facilities, and motorways was assessed. Accessibility of health care in various regions of the Russian Arctic was analyzed. The economic costs associated with various scenarios of possible destruction of residential buildings, health-care facilities, and roads built on permafrost were estimated.

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Section: Global Warming Permafrost Degradation and Infectious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risks for Public Health and Social Infrastructure in Russian Arctic under Climate Change and Permafrost Degradation

2022

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“…проведено комплексное эпизоотолого-эпиде миологическое обследование 12 предполагаемых мест сибиреязвенных захоронений с известным местоположением в 11 снп семи районов края (анучинский, спасский, октябрьский, пожарский, ханкайский, черниговский и яковлевский) с ретроспективным и оперативным эпизоотолого-эпидемиологическим анализом ситуации по сибирской язве на административной территории, изучением санитарно-ветеринарного состояния объектов с известным местоположением в соответствии с требованиями действующих санитарноэпидемиологических и ветеринарных правил в совокупности с результатами лабораторных исследований проб объектов окружающей среды сяз на сибирскую язву. при отборе проб сяз (без признаков консервации) использованы гидравлические навесные ямобуры различного диаметра бурильнокрановых машин и универсальных буровых машин на автомобильных шасси, отработаны методики отбора, транспортировки и подготовки проб костей и костных фрагментов животных из сяз/ссм [9]. по итогам работы дана оценка биологической опасности сяз/ссм.…”

Section: материалы и методыunclassified

Antrax in Primorsky Territory (1919–2020). Communication 2. Episootiological- Epidemiological Situation and Zoning of Administrative Territories

Дугаржапова

Ivacheva

Chesnokova

et al. 2022

Problemy Osobo Opasnykh Infektsii

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The aim of the study was to analyze the epizootiological and epidemiological situation in the Primorsky Territory (1919–2020) and to zone the administrative districts in regard to anthrax. Materials and methods. Accounting and reporting documents, information and archival materials were collected and analyzed, statistical reference books and literature sources were used. A comprehensive epizootiological and epidemiological survey of 12 supposed places of anthrax burials and cattle burial grounds was carried out, and their biological hazard assessed. Results and discussion. Within the framework of updating the Cadastre of stationary potentially hazardous as regards anthrax areas in the Russian Federation (2005), the number of infected farm animals and human cases was specified: according to official data, over the period of 1930–1979, the disease in 173 animals and 34 people with five deaths was registered in 82 stationary unfavorable for anthrax areas of 22 municipalities of the region. Together with the veterinary service of the region, an audit of 12 supposed places of anthrax burials in seven districts of the region was conducted. Based on the results of a comprehensive epizootiological and epidemiological survey, high biological hazard was established for 2 and potential one – for 1 anthrax burials. The culture of Bacillus anthracis isolated on the territory of Primorsky Territory belongs to one of the canonical SNP clusters – A.Br.008/009 of the global genetic line A (subgroup A1). Five criteria for assessing the epizootiological and epidemiological disadvantage for anthrax and the ranking of indicators of the administrative territories in the region have been determined. Zoning of the administrative territories of the region according to risk of anthrax has been carried out. Prophylactic anti-epizootic and anti-epidemic measures have been put forward.

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“…Причинами заболевания явились контакты с больными животными при проведении убоя без уведомления ветеринарной службы, при обработке туш и захоронении трупов животных, павших от сибирской язвы, при обработке зараженного мяса, при уходе за больными животными или при торговле мясом на рынках. Фактором риска эпизоото-логического неблагополучия по сибирской язве продолжают оставаться сибиреязвенные скотомогильники, состояние многих из них не соответствует требованиям санитарно-эпидемиологических правил, что отмечено в работах [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12], особенно в зоне развития многолетнемерзлых пород (ММП) и в зоне сезонного промерзания 1 . Эти могильники могут быть подвержены разрушению в результате таяния мерзлоты.…”

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Anthrax cattle burials as a potential threat caused by changes in cryolite zones in the northern European part of Russia

Iglovsky¹,

Kriauciunas²

2021

Health Risk Analysis

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Over recent years there have been registered anthrax cases among animals and people in Russia. Anthrax cattle burials remain a basic risk factor that causes epizootic deterioration. A lot of such burials do not correspond to sanitary-epidemiologic requirements especially those located in zones where long-term frozen rocks are now being developed in the northern European part of the country. Our research goal was to examine a situation with anthrax cattle burials in the chosen regions, especially bearing in mind climatic changes and changes in cryolite zones as well as to assess future prospects regarding them. It is especially vital for native people who live in tundra and breed their numerous deer herds there. To achieve the goal, several tasks were accomplished. First, we performed preliminary analysis of anthrax cattle burials distribution in the northern European part of the country and places that were unfavorable as per anthrax. Then, locations of such zones were compared with available data on contemporary development of the cryolite zone in the northern European part of the country. It was necessary to assess future changes in the cryolite zone and describe occurring problems related to anthrax cattle burials being widely spread there as well as to suggest possible ways to solve them. Over the last 50 years considerable spots in the cryolite zone have thawed through completely or partially, especially in an area close to the south border of frozen earth. It is important to know an actual situation with anthrax cattle burials given changing climatic conditions and to assess their future prospects. In order to prevent emergencies in zones where geocryological processes have been activated it is necessary to measure temperature on anthrax cattle burials territories, to assess geocryological threats, to create mathematical models for probable negative events occurrence, as well as to accomplish certain anti-epidemic, anti-epizootic, and preventive activities.

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Improvement of Methodical Approaches to Investigation of Anthrax Burials and Animal Burial sites

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

Risks for Public Health and Social Infrastructure in Russian Arctic under Climate Change and Permafrost Degradation

Risks for Public Health and Social Infrastructure in Russian Arctic under Climate Change and Permafrost Degradation

Antrax in Primorsky Territory (1919–2020). Communication 2. Episootiological- Epidemiological Situation and Zoning of Administrative Territories

Anthrax cattle burials as a potential threat caused by changes in cryolite zones in the northern European part of Russia

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